Pedro de Arbués

St. Pedro de Arbués, C.R.S.A.

Depiction of Pedro de Arbués with the crown and palm of martyrdom.
Religious, priest and martyr
Born ca. 1441
Kingdom of Aragon
Died September 17, 1485[1]
Zaragoza, Kingdom of Aragon
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church
(Canons regular and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza)
Canonized 1867, Rome, Papal States, by Pope Pius IX
Major shrine Cathedral of the Savior,
Zaragoza, Spain

Pedro de Arbués, C.R.S.A. (c. 1441 – September 17, 1485), was an official of the Spanish Inquisition who was assassinated in the La Seo Cathedral of Zaragoza in 1485 in an alleged plot by conversos and Jews. He was very quickly venerated as a saint by popular acclaim, and his death greatly assisted the Inquisition and its Inquisitor General, Tomás de Torquemada, in their campaign against heresy and crypto-Judaism.

Arbués was canonized in 1867.

Life

Born in the region of Zaragoza, his father, a nobleman, was Antonio de Arbués, and his mother's name was Sancia Ruiz. He studied philosophy, probably at Huesca, but later went to Bologna on scholarship to the Spanish college of St. Clement, part of the University of Bologna. He obtained his doctorate in 1473, while serving as professor of moral philosophy. Returning to Spain he became a member of the cathedral chapter of canons regular at La Seo, where he made his religious profession in 1474. [2]

About that time Ferdinand and Isabella had obtained from Pope Sixtus IV a papal bull to establish in their kingdom a tribunal for searching out heretics. Jews who received baptism were known as Conversos; some may have continued to practice Judaism in secret. Torquemada, in 1483, was appointed Grand Inquisitor for Castile and appointed Arbués as Inquisitor Provincial in the Kingdom of Aragon (1484).[2]

The Tribunal of the Holy Office was received in the kingdom with opposition, not only from the converts, but from other sectors of the Aragonese population, who saw it as a threat to their freedoms.[3]

On September 14, 1485, Arbués was attacked while praying in the cathedral died on September 17, despite wearing a helmet and chain mail. The Inquisition was poorly received in Aragon, where it was seen as an attack by the Crown on the charters, privileges and local laws. It seems that some of the most powerful families among the converted Jews - such as the Sánchez, Montesa, Paterno, and Santangel families - were involved in the murder. Two days later he died of his wounds.

As a result, a popular movement against the Jews arose; "Nine were finally executed in person, and two suicides, thirteen burnings at the stake, and four punished for complicity," according to the historian, Jerónimo Zurita.

Veneration

The Martyrdom of Saint Pedro de Arbués, by Franceso Cecchini (late 17th century)

Honored as a martyr, Arbués' remains were entombed in a special chapel dedicated to his memory. His canonization by Pope Pius IX in 1867 aroused protests not only from Jews, but from Christians.[4]

Pius IX said in the canonization document, The divine wisdom has arranged that in these sad days, when Jews help the enemies of the church with their books and money, this decree of sanctity has been brought to fulfillment."[5]

Leonardo Sciascia in Morte dell'inquisitore (1967) writes that Arbués, along with Juan Lopez Cisneros (d. 1657), are "the only two cases of inquisitors who died assassinated".

See also

Notes

References

External links

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