Beiyang
For other uses, see Beiyang, Lufeng, Guangdong.
The term Beiyang (Chinese: 北洋; pinyin: Běiyáng; Wade-Giles: Peiyang; meaning 'Northern Ocean') originated toward the end of the Qing dynasty, and it referred to the coastal areas of Zhili (Traditional Chinese:直隸, Simplified Chinese: 直隶, pinyin: Zhílì) (today's Hebei), Liaoning, and Shandong in northeast China.
Minister of Beiyang's (北洋通商大臣) position was to be hold by the Viceroy of Zhili. Its main responsibilities were trade relations and occasionally foreign affairs.
See also
Coordinates: 41°00′N 123°00′E / 41.000°N 123.000°E
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