Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary
| Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary | |
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IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
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Sanctuary as seen from the Peppara dam | |
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| Location | Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India |
| Nearest city | Thiruvananthapuram 44 kilometers (27 mi) |
| Coordinates | 8°38′50″N 77°10′0″E / 8.64722°N 77.16667°ECoordinates: 8°38′50″N 77°10′0″E / 8.64722°N 77.16667°E |
| Established | 1983 |
| Governing body | Ministry of Environment and Forests, Kerala Forest Department |
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The Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary near Thiruvananthapuram in southern Kerala, India. It consists of the catchment area of the Karamana river, which originates from Chemmunjimottai, the tallest hill within the sanctuary. The sanctuary is named after the Peppara dam, commissioned in 1983 to augment the drinking water supply to Thiruvananthapuram city and suburban areas. Considering the ecological significance of the area, it was declared a sanctuary in 1983. The terrain is undulating with elevation ranging from 100 m to 1717 m. The area of the sanctuary is 75 km2 with tropical moist evergreen forests and myristica swamps.[1] Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary is 44 kilometres (27 mi) by car from the nearest railway station, at Thiruvananthapuram, and 49 kilometres (30 mi) from the Thiruvananthapuram airport.
History
The area was formerly a part of the Paruthippally range of the Thiruvananthapuram territorial division. Forests consist of part of the Palode reserve (24 square kilometres (9.3 sq mi)) and part of Kottoor reserve (29 square kilometres (11 sq mi)). The total water spread of the reservoir is 5.82 square kilometres (2.25 sq mi).
Geography
The Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary is situated on Thiruvananthapuram-Ponmudi Road, about 50 km northeast of Thiruvananthapuram.
The area is hilly, with elevation varying from 100 metres (330 ft) to 1,717 metres (5,633 ft). The major peaks in the sanctuary are Chemmunjimottai (1717m), Athirumalai (1594m), Arumukhamkunnu (1457m), Koviltherimalai (1313m) and Nachiyadikunnu (957m). Annual average rainfall is 2,500 millimetres (98 in). The major rivers are Karamana River and its tributaries.
Biology and ecology
Forest types include West coast tropical evergreen, Southern hilltop tropical evergreen, West coast semi-evergreen,Southern moist mixed deciduous forest, Myristica swamp forest, sub-montane hill valley swamp forest etc.
Trees
Common tree species are Terminalia paniculata, T. bellerica, Pterocarpus marsupium, Palaquium ellipticum, Mesua ferrea, Hopea parviflora, Bombax ceiba, Syzygium cumini, Lagerstroemia microcarpa, Albizia procera, Alstonia scholaris, etc.
Animals
The sanctuary has several mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. 43 species of mammals, 233 species of birds, 46 species of reptiles, 13 species of amphibians and 27 species of fishes are reported from the sanctuary. The common mammals found are tiger, leopard, sloth bear, elephant, sambar (deer), bonnet macaque, Nilgiri langur, Nilgiri tahr.
Conflicts and threats
Gallery
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Peppara Dam Reservoir Entrance
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Peppara Reservoir as seen from the dam
See also
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary. |
Notes
- ↑ Menon, A R R; Verghese, A O. "Structure, diversity and status of the landscape of Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary" (PDF). Evergreen 45: 15-17. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
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