Tagetes lucida

Tagetes lucida
Botanischer Garten Erlangen, Germany
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Tagetes
Species: T. lucida
Binomial name
Tagetes lucida
Cav.
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Tagetes anethina Sessé & Moc.
  • Tagetes florida Sweet
  • Tagetes gilletii De Wild.
  • Tagetes lucida f. florida (Sweet) Voss
  • Tagetes pineda La Llave
  • Tagetes schiedeana Less
  • Tagetes seleri Rydb.
Tagetes lucida - MHNT

Tagetes lucida Cav. is a perennial plant native to Mexico and Central America. It is used as a medicinal plant and as a culinary herb. The leaves have a tarragon-like flavor, with hints of anise, and it has entered the nursery trade in North America as a tarragon substitute. Common names include sweetscented marigold,[3] Mexican marigold, ''Mexican mint marigold, Mexican tarragon, Spanish tarragon, sweet mace, Texas tarragon, pericón, yerbaniz, and hierbanís.

Description

Tagetes lucida grows 18-30 inches (46–76 cm) tall. Depending on land race, the plant may be fairly upright, while other forms appear bushy with many unbranching stems. The leaves are linear to oblong, about 3 inches (7.6 cm) long, and shiny medium green, not blue-green as in French tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus var. sativa). In late summer it bears clusters of small golden yellow flower heads on the ends of the stems. The flower heads are about 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) across and have 3-5 golden-yellow ray florets.[4] The flowers are hermaphroditic (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by insects.[5]

Uses

Fresh or dried leaves are used as a tarragon substitute for flavoring soups, sauces etc.

A pleasant anise-flavored tea is brewed using the dried leaves and flower heads. This is primarily used medicinally in Mexico and Central America. [6]

A yellow dye can be obtained from the flowers.

The dried plant is burnt as an incense and to repel insects.[5]

Tagetes lucida was used by the Aztecs in a ritual incense known as Yauhtli.[7] The Aztecs allegedly used Tagetes lucida as one of the ingredients in a medicinal powder which was blown into the faces of those about to become the victims of human sacrifice and which may have possessed stupefying or anxiolytic properties.The plant was linked to the rain god Tlaloc.[8] ¨ The plant is also used by the Huichol, mixed with Nicotiana rustica (a potent wild tobacco), for its claimed psychotropic and entheogenic effects.[9][10]

In one study, methanolic extract from the flower inhibited growth of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Candida albicans cultures. This effect was enhanced with exposure to ultraviolet light. The roots, stems, and leaves also had the same effect when irradiated with UV light.[11]

Phytochemistry

The plant contains the following compounds:

References

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  1. ↑ "Taxon: Tagetes lucida Cav.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-10-09.
  2. ↑ The Plant List, Tagetes lucida Cav.
  3. ↑ "Tagetes lucida". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  4. ↑ Christman, Steve (2004-02-27). "#614 Tagetes lucida". Floridata.
  5. 1 2 "Tagetes lucida - Cav.". Plants For A Future.
  6. ↑ Laferrière, Joseph E., Charles W. Weber and Edwin A. Kohlhepp. 1991b. Mineral contributions from some traditional Mexican teas. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 41:277-282.
  7. ↑ "Tagetes lucida - Marigolds- Americas to Argentina". Entheology. Retrieved 2008-08-30.
  8. ↑ Michel Graulich, Le Sacrifice humain chez les Aztèques Paris, Fayard, 2005
  9. 1 2 3 Okun, Ronald (1977). Pharmacology & Toxicology Annual Review. Annual Reviews, Incorporated. p. 656. ISBN 978-0-8243-0417-1.
  10. ↑ Schultes, Richard Evans; Siri von Reis (1995). Ethnobotany: evolution of a discipline. Timber Press. p. 382. ISBN 978-0-931146-28-2.
  11. ↑ Nader, Laura (1996). Naked Science: Anthropological Inquiry Into Boundaries, Power, and Knowledge. Routledge. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-415-91465-9.
  12. 1 2 3 Bicchi, Carlo; et al. (1998-12-04). "Constituents of Tagetes lucida Cav. ssp. lucida Essential Oil". Flavour and Fragrance Journal (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.) 12 (1): 47–52. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199701)12:1<47::AID-FFJ610>3.0.CO;2-7.
  13. ↑ Cicció JF (December 2004). "A source of almost pure methyl chavicol: volatile oil from the aerial parts of Tagetes lucida (Asteraceae) cultivated in Costa Rica". Rev. Biol. Trop. 52 (4): 853–7. PMID 17354394.
  14. ↑ Bohm, Bruce A.; Tod F. Stuessy (2007). Flavonoids of the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Springer. p. 597. ISBN 978-3-211-83479-4.
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