Morane-Saulnier H

Type H

Morane Saulnier Type H on display at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace at Paris Le Bourget airport
Role	Sport aircraft
Manufacturer	Morane-Saulnier
First flight	1913
Developed from	Morane-Saulnier G
Variants	Morane-Saulnier L

The Morane-Saulnier H was a sport aircraft produced in France in the years before the First World War,^[1]^[2] a single-seat derivative of the successful Morane-Saulnier G with a slightly reduced wingspan^[2] Like the Type G, it was a successful sporting and racing aircraft.

Operational history

During the second international aero meet, held at Wiener Neustadt in June 1913, Roland Garros won the precision landing prize in a Type H.^[3] Later that same year, A Morane-Saulnier H was used to complete the first non-stop flight across the Mediterranean, from Fréjus in the south of France to Bizerte in Tunisia.^[4]

The French Army ordered a batch of 26 aircraft, and the British Royal Flying Corps also acquired a small number, these latter machines purchased from Grahame-White, who was manufacturing the type in the UK under licence.^[2] The French machines saw limited service in the opening stages of World War I, with pilots engaging in aerial combat using revolvers and carbines.^[2]

The type was also produced under licence in Germany by Pfalz Flugzeugwerke, who built it as the E.I, E.II, E.IV, E.V, and E.VI, with increasingly powerful engines.^[5]^[6] These were armed with a single, synchronised lMG 08 machine gun.^[5]^[6]

Another slightly longer German-built copy featured a steel-framed fuselage, a redesigned undercarriage integrated with the under-wing bracing pylons and a comma shaped rudder. It entered production as the Fokker M.5 and when armed in 1915 with a synchronised machine gun became first of the Fokker "Eindecker" monoplane fighters.^[7]

Survivors

A Type H is preserved at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace in Le Bourget.

Variants

Morane-Saulnier versions

MoS.1 H (single seater)
MoS.2 G (two seater)
MoS.3 L (parasol monoplane)
MoS.13 M (armoured single seater)

Pfalz versions

E.I - with Oberursel U.0 rotary engine (45 built)^[8]
E.II - with Oberursel U.I rotary engine (130 built)^[8]
E.IV - with Oberursel U.III rotary engine (46 built)^[8]
E.V - with Mercedes D.I water-cooled, inline engine (20 built)^[8]
E.VI - with Oberursel U.I engine, lengthened fuselage, enlarged tail fin and reduced bracing (20 built as trainers)^[8]^[9]

Operators

Morane-Saulnier H with RFC number on rudder

France

Aéronautique Militaire

Austria-Hungary

Austro-Hungarian Navy - (Pfalz-built versions)

Belgium

Belgian Air Force

Denmark

Army Flying Service - 2 examples.

Germany

Luftstreitkräfte - (Pfalz-built versions)

Portugal

Portuguese Air Force - one aircraft.

United Kingdom

Royal Flying Corps

Russia

Imperial Russian Air Service

Switzerland

Swiss Air Force - two aircraft

Specifications

Data from flugzeuginfo.net

General characteristics

Crew: One pilot
Length: 5.84 m (19 ft 2 in)
Wingspan: 9.12 m (29 ft 11 in)
Height: 2.26 m (7 ft 5 in)
Empty weight: 188 kg (415 lb)
Gross weight: 444 kg (979 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Le Rhône 9C, 60 kW (80 hp)

Performance

Maximum speed: 120 km/h (75 mph)
Range: 177 km (111 miles)
Service ceiling: 1,000 m (3,280 ft)

Notes

↑ Taylor 1989, p.648
1 2 3 4 "The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft", p.2539
↑ Hartmann 2001, 11
↑ Flying the Mediterranean Flight 27 September 1913
1 2 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft, p.2698
1 2 Grosz 1996
↑ Brannon (1996), pp.7-9
1 2 3 4 5 Herris 2001, p.10
↑ Grosz 1996, p.27

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Morane-Saulnier H.

Bibliography

Brannon, D. Edgar (1996). Fokker Eindecker in Action. Carrolton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publication.
Davilla, Dr. James J.; Soltan, Arthur (1997). French Aircraft of the First World War. Mountain View, CA: Flying Machines Press. ISBN 978-1891268090.
Grosz, P.M. (1996). Pfalz E.I–E.VI. Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire: Albatros Publications.
Hartmann, Gérard (2001). "L'incroyable Morane-Saulnier hydro" (PDF). La Coupe Schneider et hydravions anciens/Dossiers historiques hydravions et moteurs. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Herris, Jack (2001). Pflaz Aircraft of World War I. Boulder, Colorado: Flying Machines Press. ISBN 1-891268-15-5.
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft. London: Aerospace Publishing.
"Morane-Saulnier Type H". flugzeuginfo.net. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions.
Angelucci, Enzo (1983). The Rand McNally encyclopedia of military aircraft, 1914-1980. The Military Press. p. 20. ISBN 0-517-41021 4.

Aircraft produced by Morane-Saulnier

Designation Letters	A B C F G GA GB H I L LA M N Nm O P S T TRK U V WR Y AC AE AF AFH AI AN/ANB/ANR/ANL/ANS AR AS BB BH

Numerical Sequence	MoS.1 MoS.2 MoS.3 MoS.4 MoS.5 MoS.6 MoS.7 MoS.8 MoS.9 MoS.10 MoS.13 MoS.21 MoS.22 MoS.23 MoS.25 MoS.26 MoS.27 MoS.28 MoS.29 MoS.30 MoS.31 MoS.32 MoS.33 MoS.34 MoS.35 MoS.42 MoS.43 MoS.50 MoS.51 MoS.53 MoS.121 MoS.129 MoS.130 MoS.131 MoS.132 MoS.133 MoS.134 MoS.136 MoS.137 MoS.138 MoS.139 MoS.140 MoS.141 MoS.147 MoS.148 MoS.149 MoS.152 MS.180 MS.181 MoS.185 MS.200 MS.221 MS.222 MS.223 MS.224 MS.225 MS.226 MS.227 MS.229 MS.230 MS.250 MS.251 MS.275 MS.278 MS.300 MS.301 MS.302 MS.315 MS.316 MS.317 MS.325 MS.340 MS.341 MS.342 MS.343 MS.345 MS.350 MS.405 MS.406 MS.408 MS.410 MS.411 MS.430 MS.433 MS.435 MS.450 MS.470 MS.472 MS.474 MS.470 MS.475 MS.476 MS.477 MS.479 MS.500 MS.501 MS.502 MS.504 MS.505 MS.506 MS.560 MS.570 MS.603 MS.700 MS.701 MS.703 MS.704 MS.730 MS.731 MS.732 MS.733 MS.755 MS.760 MS.880 MS.1500

Names & Nicknames	Alcyon Borel Bullet Criquet Epervier Fleuret Monococque Paris Pétrel Rallye Vanneau

Idflieg E-class aircraft designations

Fokker E.I E.II E.III E.IV E.V Junkers E.I Kondor (E.I and E.II not assigned) E.III LFG E.I LVG E.I NFW E.I E.II Pfalz E.I E.II E.III E.IV E.V E.VI Siemens-Schuckert E.I E.II E.III E.IV

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