Philip Twysden

The Right Reverend Philip Twysden M.A., D.C.L.
Bishop of Raphoe
Church	Church of Ireland
Province	Armagh
Diocese	Raphoe
In office	1747–1752
Predecessor	William Barnard
Successor	Robert Downes
Orders
Consecration	29 March 1747
Personal details
Born	circa 1714 Kent
Died	2 November 1752 (aged c. 38) Hounslow Heath or Wrotham Heath or East Peckham
Buried	St Michael's Church, East Peckham
Nationality	English
Denomination	Anglican
Parents	Sir William Twysden, 5th Baronet and Jane Twisden
Spouse	(1) Mary Purcell (2) Frances Carter
Children	Two daughters
Alma mater	University College, Oxford

Philip Twysden, M.A., D.C.L. (c. 1714–1752) was an Anglican prelate who served in the Church of Ireland as the Bishop of Raphoe from 1747 to 1752. The circumstances of his death later became the subject of rumour.

Early life and family

He was born in Kent,^[1] England in circa 1714, the third son of Sir William Twysden, 5th Baronet of Roydon Hall, East Peckham, Kent, by his wife and distant cousin Jane Twisden.^[2] He was educated at University College, Oxford,^[1][3] from where awarded with a Master of Arts degree, and later with the honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Law.^[1]

He married twice: firstly to Mary Purcell (died 1743) and secondly to Frances Carter, daughter of the Rt. Hon. Thomas Carter.^[2] By his second wife, he had two children: Mary (died in infancy)^[4] and a posthumously daughter Frances (1753–1821),^[5] who was one of the many mistresses of King George IV when he was Prince of Wales.

Ecclesiastical career

He was ordained in the Anglican ministry and for a short time served as the Rector of Ealing.^[1] Afterwards, he became the chaplain to Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.^[1] Twysden was nominated the Bishop of Raphoe by King George II on 28 February 1747 and consecrated at St Michan's Church, Dublin on 29 March 1747.^[1][6][7]

Death

He died on 2 November 1752.^[8] A story grew up that, having been made bankrupt, he was shot and killed while attempting to rob a stagecoach. The location of his allegedly attempted career as a highwayman was either Hounslow Heath (west of London)^[9][10] or Wrotham Heath in Kent.^[11] However, according to Cotton, he died at Roydon Hall, East Peckham, his father's country house.^[1] His remains were buried in the south chancel of St Michael's Church, East Peckham, under a plain stone without any inscription.^[1]

Notes

1. Cotton 1849, The Province of Ulster, p. 356.
2. "Rt. Rev. Philip Twysden". thepeerage.com. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
3. Alumni Oxonienses (1715-1886) volume 4. p. 248
4. Mary: We hear that on the 10th Instant the Lady of the Lord Bishop of Raphoe was safely delivered of a Daughter, at his Lordship's House in Pall-mall.London Evening Post, 26 September 1751 – 28 September 1751; Issue 3735.
5. Frances: On Sunday the Lady of the late Dr. Twysden, Bishop of Raphoe, was safely delivered of a Daughter at her House in St. James's Street. London Evening Post, 24 February 1753 – 27 February 1753; Issue 3952.
6. Fryde et al. 1986, Handbook of British Chronology, p. 405.
7. Moody, Martin & Byrne 1984, A New History of Ireland, volume IX, p. 410.
8. "(Thursday) morning died at his House in Jermyn-Street, the Right Rev. Dr. Philip Twisden, Bishop of Raphoe in Ireland, and nearly related to Sir Roger Twisden, Bart. Knight of the Shire for the County of Kent." London Evening Post, 2 November 1752 – 4 November 1752; Issue 3903.
9. "The Highwaymen of Hounslow Heath". Stand and Deliver. Retrieved 8 February 2014.
10. "A mysterious affair, which has never been properly cleared up, was the death of Twysden, Bishop of Raphoe, in 1752. An Irish Bishop, even although a Kentish man of ancient descent, did not perhaps rank very high upon the Episcopal bench, but he was sufficiently exalted to make the innuendo that he had died from being shot on the Heath while taking purses at the pistol-muzzle a very startling one.
    Grantley Berkeley says: "The Lord Bishop Twysden, of Raphoe, a member of the old Kentish family of that name, was found suspiciously out at night on Hounslow Heath, and was most unquestionably shot through the body. A correspondent of the Gentleman's Magazine asked, 'Was this the bishop who was taken ill on Hounslow Heath, and so carried back to his friend's house (? Osterley Park), where he died of an inflammation of the bowels?'" Half-hours with the highwaymen; picturesque biographies and traditions of the knights of the road by Charles George Harper (1908) Volume 1
11. "Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 58 - 1945 page 46: Notes on the Family of Twysden and Twisden, By Ronald G. Hatton, C.B.E., D.Sc., F.R.S., and the Rev. Christopher H. Hatton, O.S.B.". Kent Archaeological Society. 15 February 2005. Retrieved 201-02-09. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

References

• Cotton, Henry (1849). The Province of Ulster. Fasti Ecclesiae Hiberniae: The Succession of the Prelates and Members of the Cathedral Bodies of Ireland. Volume 3. Dublin: Hodges and Smith.
• Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I., eds. (1986). Handbook of British Chronology (3rd, reprinted 2003 ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
• Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X.; Byrne, F. J., eds. (1984). Maps, Genealogies, Lists: A Companion to Irish History, Part II. A New History of Ireland. Volume IX. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-821745-5.