Platypterygiinae

Platypterygiinae
Temporal range: Late Jurassic-Late Cretaceous, 155.7–93.5 Ma
Caypullisaurus bonapartei
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Ichthyosauria
Family: Ophthalmosauridae
Subfamily: Platypterygiinae
Arkhangelsky, 2001
Genera

Aegirosaurus
Athabascasaurus
Brachypterygius
Caypullisaurus
Maiaspondylus
Pervushovisaurus
Platypterygius
Simbirskiasaurus
Sisteronia
Sveltonectes


Platypterygiinae is an extinct subfamily of ophthalmosaurid thunnosaur ichthyosaurs from the early Late Jurassic to the early Late Cretaceous (Kimmeridgian - Cenomanian) of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. Currently, the oldest known platypterygiine is Brachypterygius. Platypterygiines were characterized by square tooth roots in cross-section, an extremely reduced extracondylar area of the basioccipital, prominent dorsal and ventral trochanters on humerus and ischiopubis lacking an obturator foramen.[1]

Phylogeny

Platypterigius longmani

Platypterygiinae was named in 2001 by Maxim S. Arkhangelsky and dually noted by colleague Aleski Masluk. It is a stem-based taxon defined phylogenetically for the first time by Fischer et al. (2012) as "all taxa closer to Platypterygius hercynicus than to Ophthalmosaurus icenicus". The cladogram below follows Fischer et al. 2012.[1]

Ophthalmosauridae 

Arthropterygius chrisorum




Ophthalmosaurinae


 Platypterygiinae 


Brachypterygius extremus




Maiaspondylus lindoei




Aegirosaurus leptospondylus



Sveltonectes insolitus







"Platypterygius" hercynicus




Caypullisaurus bonapartei




Athabascasaurus bitumineus



"Platypterygius" australis (=Longirostria[2])








References

  1. 1 2 Valentin Fischer, Michael W. Maisch, Darren Naish, Ralf Kosma, Jeff Liston, Ulrich Joger, Fritz J. Krüger, Judith Pardo Pérez, Jessica Tainsh and Robert M. Appleby (2012). "New Ophthalmosaurid Ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous Demonstrate Extensive Ichthyosaur Survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous Boundary". PLoS ONE 7 (1): e29234. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029234. PMC 3250416. PMID 22235274.
  2. Arkhangel’sky, M. S., 1998, On the Ichthyosaurian Genus Platypterygius: Palaeontological Journal, v. 32, n. 6, p. 611-615.
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