Plesetsky District

Plesetsky District
Плесецкий район (Russian)

Location of Plesetsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast
Coordinates: 62°42′N 40°17′E / 62.700°N 40.283°E / 62.700; 40.283Coordinates: 62°42′N 40°17′E / 62.700°N 40.283°E / 62.700; 40.283

A rural view in Plesetsky District
Coat of arms
Flag
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Arkhangelsk Oblast[1]
Administrative structure (as of February 2013)
Administrative center urban-type settlement of Plesetsk[2]
Administrative divisions:
Urban-type settlements with jurisdictional territory 4
Selsoviets 11
Inhabited localities:
Urban-type settlements[3] 4
Rural localities 235
Municipal structure (as of February 2013)
Municipally incorporated as Plesetsky Municipal District[4]
Municipal divisions:[4]
Urban settlements 4
Rural settlements 13
Statistics
Area 27,500 km2 (10,600 sq mi)[5]
Population (2010 Census) 49,077 inhabitants[6]
• Urban 68.2%
• Rural 31.8%
Density 1.78/km2 (4.6/sq mi)[7]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[8]
Established July 15, 1929[9]
Plesetsky District on WikiCommons

Plesetsky District (Russian: Плесе́цкий райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.[1] As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Plesetsky Municipal District.[4] It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Primorsky District in the north, Kholmogorsky District in the northeast, the territories of the town of oblast significance of Mirny and Vinogradovsky District in the east, Shenkursky District in the southeast, Nyandomsky and Kargopolsky Districts in the south, Pudozhsky District of the Republic of Karelia in the west, and with Onezhsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 27,500 square kilometers (10,600 sq mi).[5] Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Plesetsk.[2] Population: 49,077 (2010 Census);[6] 58,257 (2002 Census);[10] 83,357 (1989 Census).[11] The population of Plesetsk accounts for 22.5% of the district's total population.[6]

The Plesetsk Cosmodrome is located on the territory of the district but is administered by the federal government of Russia.

Geography

The western part of the district belongs to the basin of the Onega River, which is the biggest river in the district. The Onega crosses the district from south to north, splitting it into two parts of roughly equal areas. The biggest tributaries of the Onega within the district are the Kena and the Mosha. The northeastern part of the district mostly belongs to the basin of the Yemtsa River, which is a major tributary of the Northern Dvina. Minor areas in the west of the district lie in the basin of the Vodla River across the border with the Republic of Karelia.

There are many lakes in the district, especially in the west. Two of the biggest lakes of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Lake Kenozero and Lake Undozero, both in the basin of the Kena River, are located within the district.

A major part of the district is covered by coniferous forests (taiga).

The southwestern part of the district, including Lake Kenozero, is included into Kenozersky National Park (which is split between Kargopolsky and Plesetsky Districts).

History

The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. It was located at the trading routes connecting central and northern Russia: first, from Moscow to the White Sea along the Onega River, and then, after 1765, along the newly built road between St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk, which still exists and passes Kargopol and Plesetsk.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was divided between Ingermanland Governorate (known from 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate) and Archangelgorod Governorate. In the course of the consequent administrative reforms, some parts of the district were included into Kargopolsky and Pudozhsky Uyezds and were transferred in 1727 to Novgorod Governorate, ending up by 1801 in Olonets Governorate. Archangelgorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, and in 1796, Arkhangelsk Governorate was established, including Onezhsky and Arkhangelsky Uyezds. In particular, when in 1897 the railroad between Vologda and Arkhangelsk was built, Plesetskaya railway station was located in Arkhangelsky Uyezd.[12]

During the Russian Civil War in 1918, battles were fought between the Red Army and the British troops in Plesetsk and around.

On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into Northern Krai, and Plesetsky District was established among others. It became a part of Arkhangelsk Okrug of Northern Krai.[9]

In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district was subordinated to the central administration of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Plesetsky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.

Between July 15, 1929 and January 1, 1963, Priozyorny District with the administrative center in the selo of Konyovo existed and was a part of Northern Krai, Northern Oblast, and then Arkhangelsk Oblast. In 1963, it was merged with Plesetsky District.[13] In 1966, Mirny, at the time a work settlement, was transferred from Plesetsky District to the oblast administration.[12]

Between July 15, 1929 and July 31, 1931, Chekuyevsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Chekuyevo existed and was a part of Northern Krai. In 1931, the district was abolished, and its area divided between Plesetsky and Onezhsky Districts.[13]

Divisions

Administrative divisions

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the district is divided into eleven selsoviets and four urban-type settlements with jurisdictional territory (Obozersky, Plesetsk, Savinsky, and Severoonezhsk). The following selsoviets have been established (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):[2]

Municipal divisions

As a municipal division, the district is divided into four urban settlements and thirteen rural settlements:[4]

Urban settlements Administrative center
Obozerskoye Urban Settlement
(Обозерское городское поселение)

work settlement of Obozersky

Plesetskoye Urban Settlement
(Плесецкое городское поселение)

work settlement of Plesetsk

Savinskoye Urban Settlement
(Савинское городское поселение)

work settlement of Savinsky

Severoonezhskoye Urban Settlement
(Североонежское городское поселение)

work settlement of Severoonezhsk

Rural settlements Administrative center
Fedovskoye Rural Settlement
(Федовское сельское поселение)

selo of Fedovo

Kenoretskoye Rural Settlement
(Кенорецкое сельское поселение)

village of Koryakino

Kenozerskoye Rural Settlement
(Кенозерское сельское поселение)

village of Vershinino

Kholmogorskoye Rural Settlement
(Холмогорское сельское поселение)

settlement of Lomovoye

Konyovskoye Rural Settlement
(Конёвское сельское поселение)

selo of Konyovo

Oksovskoye Rural Settlement
(Оксовское сельское поселение)

settlement of Oksovsky

Pochezerskoye Rural Settlement
(Почезерское сельское поселение)

village of Nizhneye Ustye

Puksoozerskoye Rural Settlement
(Пуксоозерское сельское поселение)

settlement of Puksoozero

Samodedskoye Rural Settlement
(Самодедское сельское поселение)

settlement of Samoded

Tarasovskoye Rural Settlement
(Тарасовское сельское поселение)

village of Podvolochye

Undozerskoye Rural Settlement
(Ундозерское сельское поселение)

settlement of Undozero

Yarnemskoye Rural Settlement
(Ярнемское сельское поселение)

settlement of Ulitino

Yemtsovskoye Rural Settlement
(Емцовское сельское поселение)

settlement of Yemtsa

Economy

Industry

Bauxite extraction (close to Severoonezhsk) is a developed industry in the district. The bauxites were discovered in the area in 1949, and the extraction began in 1978.[14] A big cement plant is located in Savinsky. Timber industry is also an important branch.

Transportation

Plesetsk is located on the road connecting Kargopol with one of the principal highways in Russia, M8 between Moscow and Arkhangelsk (the highways meet in the settlement of Brin-Navolok). This is the historic trading route which connected Kargopol with Arkhangelsk before the railroad was built, and long stretches of this road are still unpaved. The stretch between Kargopol and Plesetsk was paved in 2011.[15]

Plesetsk (Plesetskaya station) is located on the railway line between Moscow and Arkhangelsk (built in the south-north direction). In Obozersky, the line to Onega and Belomorsk branches off to the west from the main railway. From Severoonezhsk, a railway line to the west, connecting to Undozero and Yangory (an extension of the line from Puksa to Navolok) is one of the biggest railways in Russia which does not belong to Russian Railways. The owner of the railway is the State Department of Corrections. Plans to extend this line to Medvezhyegorsk have not been realized.

The Onega is not navigable within the limits of the district because of the rapids.

Culture and recreation

The Intercession Chapel (18th century) in the selo of Konyovo

Plesetsky District has a very high concentration of historical, archaeological, and architectural monuments. The district contains 14 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law, and additionally 110 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[16] Most of these are wooden churches, chapels, farms, and also monuments to the Red Army soldiers who died in the Russian Civil War. Some of the protected wooden buildings are located in Kenozersky National Park.

The monuments classified as historical and architectural heritage are the following:

Some of the monuments have been protected as part of the Kenozersky National Park.

The district weekly newspaper, Kuryer Prionezhya (Курьер Прионежья) has been published since 1999. The editorial office is in the settlement of Severoonezhsk.[17]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Law #65-5-OZ
  2. 1 2 3 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 11 250», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 11 250, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  3. ↑ The count of urban-type settlements includes the work settlements, the resort settlements, the suburban (dacha) settlements, as well as urban-type settlements proper.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Law #258-vneoch.-OZ
  5. 1 2 Плесецкий район (in Russian). Двина-Информ. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  6. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  7. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  8. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  9. 1 2 Президиум всероссийского центрального исполнительного комитета СССР. Постановление от 15 июля 1929 г. «О составе округов и районов Северного края и их центрах». (Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Resolution of July 15, 1929 On the Composition of the Okrugs and Districts of Northern Krai and Their Centers. ).
  10. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  12. 1 2 Краткая историческая справка Плесецкого района (in Russian). МО "Плесецкий район". 2010. Archived from the original on March 26, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
  13. 1 2 "Административно-территориальное деление Архангельской губернии в XVIII-XX вв. (Справка)" (in Russian). Архивы России. 2000. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
  14. ↑ ОАО "Северо-Онежский бокситовый рудник" (in Russian). МО "Плесецкий район". 2010. Archived from the original on March 26, 2012. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  15. ↑ Запущена "Дорога в космос" (in Russian). «Дорожное агентство «Архангельскавтодор». September 22, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
  16. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 18, 2011.
  17. ↑ Курьер Прионежья (in Russian). Retrieved July 19, 2011.

Sources

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