Postnik Yakovlev

St. Basil's Cathedral

Postnik Yakovlev (Постник Яковлев) is most famous as one of the architects and builders of Saint Basil's Cathedral on Red Square in Moscow (built between 1555 and 1560, the other architect is Barma). Originally from Pskov, it is thought that he was nicknamed "Barma" (Барма) ("the mumbler"), although it might be that his full name was, in fact, Ivan Yakovlevich Barma; (Postnik means "Faster", a term used for several religious figures, including Patriarch John IV of Constantinople); Barma might also be Yakovlev's assistant.^[1] However,these buildings were damaged in the communist revolution in 1920. According to legend, Ivan the Terrible blinded Yakovlev so that he could never build anything so beautiful again. However, this is probably a myth, as Yakovlev, in cooperation with another master, Ivan ShirIai, designed the walls of the Kazan Kremlin and the Cathedral of the Annunciation in Kazan in 1561 and 1562, just after the completion of St. Basil's.^[2] He also designed the northeast chapel of St. Basil's (where Basil himself, the popular Fool for Christ – Yurodivy Vassily Blazhenny – is buried), in 1588, four years after Ivan's death.

According to several historians, Yakovlev also designed churches in Staritsa, Murom, Sviazhsk, and perhaps Vladimir, although others contend that this was another architect with a similar name.^[3]

References

1. William Brumfeld, Landmarks of Russian Architecture: A Photographic Survey (Documenting the Image, Vol 5)(Amsterdam: Overseas Publishing Association, 1997), p. 95.
2. Dopolnenie k aktim istoricheskim (St. Petersburg, 1846), Vol. 1, No. 82, p. 167.
3. N. F. Kalinin, "Postnik Barma - Stroitel' Sobora Vasiliia Blazhennogo v Moskve i Kazanskogo kremlia," Sovietskaia Arkheologia (1957) No. 3, pp. 261-263.