Prejanopterus

Prejanopterus
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous, 125 Ma
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Pterosauria
Suborder: Pterodactyloidea
Genus: Prejanopterus
Vidarte & Calvo, 2010
Species
  • P. curvirostra Vidarte & Calvo, 2010 (type)

Prejanopterus is an extinct genus of pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous (lower Aptian age) layers of the Leza Formation of La Rioja, Spain.[1]

In 1980 a fossil site was discovered near Yacimiento de Fuente Amarga on the western slopes of the Peña Isasa. In 1993 and 1994 ten fossiliferous blocks were recovered, containing numerous disarticulated fossil bones and bone fragments, among them those of a pterosaur.[1]

The type species Prejanopterus curvirostra was named and described in 2010 by Carolina Fuentes Vidarte and Manuel Meijide Calvo. The generic name is derived from the village of Préjano and a Latinised Greek pteron, "wing". The specific name is derived from Latin curvus, "bent", and rostrum, "snout", a reference to the distinctive bend to the left which was claimed to be present in all fossils of the snout.[1] A later study indicates that "there is no genuine sideways bend" of the snout, "but a slight dorsal curvature". The same study emended the specific name to curvirostris as the feminine curvirostra had been incorrect.[2]

The holotype, F. A. 112, consists of a fragmented snout. Another snout, specimen F. A. 185, is the paratype. Numerous other elements of the skull and the postcrania have been assigned to the species, mostly from the wing, the pelvis and the hindlimbs. A humerus or vertebrae are still lacking. The species represents the best preserved pterosaur known from Spain and the first named from the Early Cretaceous of that country.[1]

The bent snout features twenty pairs of small teeth with an oval cross-section. That the curvature is no preservation artefact, a post mortem distortion, is indicated by the fact that both known snouts show it. Remarkably, all lower jaws found are straight. The wing span was initially estimated at 4.26 metres (14.0 ft);[1] however, later studies indicate that the wing span of Prejanopterus was probably not much (if ever) in excess of 2 metres (6.6 ft).[2]

The authors have assigned Prejanopterus to the Pterodactyloidea. Using the comparative method they established that no pterodactyloid group has obvious strong affinities to the species.[1] In a later phylogenetic study Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012) recovered Prejanopterus as a ctenochasmatoid "positioned between Pterodactylus and Cycnorhamphus-Gallodactylus".[2] A more recent phylogenetic study recovers it as a possible lonchodectid.[3]

Cladogram after Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012):[2]

Pterodactylidae

Pterodactylus




Prejanopterus


Ctenochasmatoidea

Cycnorhamphus





Cearadactylus



Gnathosaurus



"Pterodactylus" longicollum





Pterodaustro



Ctenochasma



Gegepterus



Eosipterus







References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fuentes Vidarte, C., Meijide Calvo, M. (2010). "Un nuevo pterosaurio (Pterodactyloidea) en el Cretácico Inferior de La Rioja (España) (A new pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous of La Rioja (Spain))" (PDF). Boletín Geológico y Minero 121 (3): 311–328.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Fabien Knoll, José Ignacio Ruiz-Omeñaca, Julio Company and Fidel Torcida Fernández-Baldor (2012). "Reassessment of Prejanopterus curvirostris, a Basal Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain". Acta Geologica Sinica 86 (6): 1389–1401. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12008.
  3. Witton, Mark P. (2013). Pterosaurs: Natural History, Evolution, Anatomy
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, September 04, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.