Prince Yu (豫)
| Prince Yu | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 和碩豫親王 | ||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 和硕豫亲王 | ||||||||
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| Prince Xin (of the Second Rank) | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 多羅信郡王 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 多罗信郡王 | ||||||||
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Prince Yu of the First Rank (Manchu: ᡩᠣᡵᠣᠨ
ᡝᡵᡴᡝ
ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ; hošoi erke cin wang), or simply Prince Yu, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely family lines in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded.
The first bearer of the title was Dodo (1614–1649), the 15th son of Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing dynasty. He was awarded the title in 1636 by his half-brother, Huangtaiji, who succeeded their father as the ruler of the Qing Empire. The peerage was renamed to Prince Xin of the First Rank (Prince Xin) when Dodo's son, Doni (1636–1661), inherited his father's title in 1649. In 1652, the Shunzhi Emperor downgraded the peerage to Prince Xin of the Second Rank. In 1778, the Qianlong Emperor restored the peerage as "Prince Yu of the First Rank". The title was passed down over ten generations and was held by 14 persons – nine as Prince Yu, and five as Prince Xin.
Members of the Prince Yu / Prince Xin peerage
- Dodo (1614–1649), Nurhaci's 15th son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1636 to 1649, posthumously honoured as Prince Yutong of the First Rank (豫通親王)
- Doni (多尼; 1636–1661), Dodo's second son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1649 to 1651 before it was renamed to Prince Xin of the First Rank and downgraded to Prince Xin of the Second Rank in 1652, posthumously honoured as Prince Yuxuanhe of the First Rank (豫宣和親王)
- Dunggo (董額; died 1706), Dodo's seventh son, held the title Prince Xin of the Second Rank from 1703 to 1706
- Ezha (鄂扎; died 1702), Doni's second son, held the title Prince Xin of the Second Rank from 1661 to 1702, posthumously honoured as Prince Yu of the First Rank
- Dezhao (德昭; died 1762), Ezha's fifth son, held the title Prince Xin of the Second Rank from 1706 to 1762, posthumously honoured as Prince Yuque of the First Rank (豫慤親王)
- Ezha (鄂扎; died 1702), Doni's second son, held the title Prince Xin of the Second Rank from 1661 to 1702, posthumously honoured as Prince Yu of the First Rank
- Dorbo (多爾博; 1643–1673), Dodo's fifth son
- Su'erfa (蘇爾發; died 1708), Dorbo's second son
- Saile (塞勒; died 1729), Su'erfa's eldest son
- Gongyibu (功宜布; died 1746), Saile's fifth son
- Rusong (如松; died 1770), Gongyibu's son, held the title Prince Xin of the Second Rank from 1762 to 1770, posthumously honoured as Prince Yuke of the First Rank (豫恪親王)
- Houling (修齡; 1749–1786), Dezhao's son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1778 to 1786, posthumously honoured as Prince Yuliang of the First Rank
- Yufeng (裕豐; 1769–1833), Houling's eldest son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1786 to 1814, stripped of his title in 1814
- Yuxing (裕興; 1772–1829), Houling's third son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1814 to 1820, stripped of his title in 1820
- Yuquan (裕全; died 1840), Houling's fifth son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1820 to 1840, posthumously honoured as Prince Yuhou of the First Rank (豫厚親王)
- Yidao (義道; 1819–1868), Yuquan's son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1841 to 1868, posthumously honoured as Prince Yushen of the First Rank (豫慎親王)
- Benge (本格; 1846–1898), Yidao's son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1868 to 1898, posthumously honoured as Prince Yucheng of the First Rank (豫誠親王)
- Yidao (義道; 1819–1868), Yuquan's son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1841 to 1868, posthumously honoured as Prince Yushen of the First Rank (豫慎親王)
- Xingling (興齡; 1726–1775), Dezhao's son
- Mingxiang'a (明祥阿; 1770–1814), Xingling's son
- Enrui (恩瑞; 1797–1850), Mingxiang'a's son
- Shengzhao (盛照; 1847–?), Enrui's son
- Maolin (懋林; 1892–1913), Shengzhao's son and Benge's adoptive son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1899 to 1913
- Duanzhen (端鎮; 1909–1962), Maolin's son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1913 to 1945
- Maolin (懋林; 1892–1913), Shengzhao's son and Benge's adoptive son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1899 to 1913
- Shengzhao (盛照; 1847–?), Enrui's son
- Enrui (恩瑞; 1797–1850), Mingxiang'a's son
- Mingxiang'a (明祥阿; 1770–1814), Xingling's son
- Gongyibu (功宜布; died 1746), Saile's fifth son
- Saile (塞勒; died 1729), Su'erfa's eldest son
- Su'erfa (蘇爾發; died 1708), Dorbo's second son
Family tree
| adoption | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dodo 多鐸 (1614–1649) Prince Yutong 豫通親王 (1636–1649) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doni 多尼 (1636–1661) Prince Yuxuanhe 睿忠親王 (1649–1661) | Dorbo 多爾博 (1643–1672) | Dunggo 董額 (died 1706) Prince Xin (of the Second Rank) 信郡王 (1703–1706) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ezha 鄂扎 (died 1702) Prince Yu 豫親王 (1661–1702) (posthumously awarded) | Su'erfa 蘇爾發 (died 1708) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dezhao 德昭 (died 1762) Prince Yuque 豫慤親王 (1706–1762) | Saile 塞勒 (died 1729) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Houling 修齡 (1749–1786) Prince Yuliang 豫良親王 (1778–1786) | Xingling 興齡 (1726–1775) | Gongyibu 功宜布 (died 1746) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yufeng 裕豐 (1769–1833) Prince Yu 豫親王 (1786–1814) (stripped of his title) | Yuxing 裕興 (1772–1829) Prince Yu 豫親王 (1814–1820) (stripped of his title) | Yuquan 裕全 (died 1840) Prince Yuhou 豫厚親王 (1820–1840) | Mingxiang'a 明祥阿 (1770–1814) | Rusong 如松 (died 1770) Prince Yuke 豫恪親王 (1762–1770) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yidao 義道 (1819–1868) Prince Yushen 豫慎親王 (1841–1868) | Enrui 恩瑞 (1797–1850) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benge 本格 (1846–1898) Prince Yucheng 豫誠親王 (1868–1898) | Shengzhao 盛照 (1847–?) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maolin 懋林 (1892–1913) Prince Yu 豫親王 (1899–1913) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Duanzhen 端鎮 (1909–1962) Prince Yu 豫親王 (1913–1945) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
References
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) 218. China.
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