Prince of Asturias
| Princess of Asturias
Princesa de Asturias | |
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| Style |
His/Her Royal Highness Doña |
| Residence |
The Prince’s Pavilion at the Zarzuela Palace |
| Appointer | The King of Spain |
| Term length | Life tenure or until accession as King of Spain |
| Inaugural holder | Henry III of Castile |
| Formation | 1388 |
Prince or Princess of Asturias (Spanish: Príncipe de Asturias, Asturian: Príncipe d'Asturies) under the Spanish Constitution of 1978, is the historical and official title given to the heir to the Spanish throne. It was also the title under the earlier Crown of Castile. The current heir to the Spanish throne, therefore Princess of Asturias is Leonor, Princess of Asturias, daughter of King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia of Spain. Other associated titles originate from some of the other kingdoms that formed Spain: Prince of Viana (for Navarre), Prince of Girona (for Aragon), Duke of Montblanc (for Catalonia), Count of Cervera (for Valencia) and Lord of Balaguer (for Majorca).
Military dictator Francisco Franco appointed Juan Carlos de Borbón as his "successor with the title of King" but gave him the new title of Prince of Spain instead of Prince of Asturias.
King Felipe VI, during his tenure as Prince of Asturias, instituted what is now called the Princess of Asturias Awards, since the incumbent heir to the Spanish throne is Princess Leonor.
Príncipe de Asturias Peak in Vinson Massif, Antarctica is named after the Prince of Asturias.
History
After the death of King Peter of Castile in 1369, the kingdom was drawn yet deeper in a civil war, disputes and long rivalled between English claimant, John, Duke of Lancaster, and two successive Trastámara claimants, Kings Henry II of Castile and his son John I of Castile. After two decades of conflicts of varying intensity, the parties arrived at compromise through means of marriage: the future Henry III of Castile (1379–1406) was married to Catherine of Lancaster in 1388. A part of the pact ("Accord of Bayonne") was to elevate the young couple to a title, Prince and Princess of Asturias, which was modelled after that of Prince of Wales in England. The title was to belong to the official successor of the Castilian throne. Thus the first Prince and Princess of Asturias were the young Henry of Castile and Catherine of Lancaster.
In the first years the title was not only honorary, as it included the ownership of the territory of Asturias; the Prince ruled the Principality in representation of the King and was able to appoint judges, mayors, etc. This was changed by the Catholic Monarchs, who limited the scope of the title making it merely honorary; this decision was upheld by the members of the House of Habsburg and the House of Bourbon until the present day.
List
| Image | Name | Heir to | From | Until | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Cause | ||||
 | Henry of Castile (1379–1406) | John I (father) | 1388 | 1390 | ascended the throne as Henry III |
 | Maria of Castile (1401–1458) | Henry III (father) | 1402 | 1405 | displaced by the birth of brother |
 | John of Castile (1405–1454) | 1405 | 1406 | ascended the throne as John II | |
.svg.png) | Catherine of Castile (1422–1424) | John II (father) | 1423 | 1424 | died |
| Eleanor of Castile (1423–1425) | 1424 | 1425 | displaced by the birth of brother | |
 | Henry of Castile (1425–1474) | 1425 | 1454 | ascended the throne as Henry IV | |
 | Joanna of Castile (1462–1530) | Henry IV (father) | 1462 | 1464 | disinherited in favour of half-aunt |
_-_Tumba_de_Alfonso_de_Castilla_-_Detalle.jpg) |
Alfonso of Castile (1453–1468) |
Henry IV (half-sibling) |
1465 | 1468 | died |
 |
Isabella of Castile (1451–1504) |
1468 | 1470 | disinherited in favour of half-niece | |
|
Joanna of Castile (1462–1530) |
Henry IV (father) |
1470 | 1474 | crown assumed by Isabella I |
 | Isabella of Aragon (1470–1498) | Isabella I (mother) | 1476 | 1480 | displaced by the birth of brother |
 | John of Aragon (1478–1497) | 1480 | 1497 | died | |
| Isabella of Aragon (1470–1498) | 1498 | 1498 | died | |
.svg.png) | Miguel of Portugal (1498–1500) | Isabella I (grandmother) | 1499 | 1500 | died |
 | Joanna of Aragon (1479–1555) | Isabella I (mother) | 1502 | 1504 | ascended the throne |
 | Charles of Austria (1500–1558) | Joanna (mother) | 1504 | 1516 | ascended the throne as Charles I |
.jpg) | Philip of Austria (1527–1598) | Charles I and Joanna (father and grandmother) | 1528 | 1556 | ascended the throne as Philip II |
 | Carlos of Austria (1545–1568) | Philip II (father) | 1560 | 1568 | died |
 | Ferdinand of Austria (1571–1578) | 1573 | 1578 | died | |
 | Diego of Austria (1575–1582) | 1580 | 1582 | died | |
 | Philip of Austria (1578–1621) | 1584 | 1598 | ascended the throne as Philip III | |
 | Philip of Austria (1605–1665) | Philip III father) | 1608 | 1621 | ascended the throne as Philip IV |
 | Balthasar Charles of Austria (1629–1646) | Philip IV | 1632 | 1646 | died |
 | Philip Prosper of Austria (1657–1661) | 1658 | 1661 | died | |
 | Charles of Austria (1661–1700) | 1661 | 1665 | ascended the throne as Charles II | |
 | Louis (1707–1724) | Philip V (father) | 1709 | 1724 | ascended the throne as Louis I |
 | Ferdinand (1713–1759) | 1724 | 1746 | ascended the throne as Ferdinand VI | |
_-_02.jpg) | Charles (1716–1788) | Charles III (father) | 1760 | 1788 | ascended the throne as Charles IV |
 | Ferdinand (1784–1833) | Charles IV (father) | 1789 | 1808 | ascended the throne as Ferdinand VII |
.jpg) | Isabella (1830–1904) | Ferdinand VII (father) | 1830 (1833)[1] | 1833 | ascended the throne as Isabella II |
 | Isabella (1851–1931) | Isabella II (mother) | 1851 | 1857 | Displaced by the birth of her brother |
 | Alfonso (1857–1885) | Isabella II (mother) | 1857 | 1868 | mother's deposition |
 | Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy (1869–1931) | Amadeus | 1871 | 1873 | father's abdication |
.jpg) | Isabella (1851–1931) | Alfonso XII (brother) | 1875 | 1880 | displaced |
 | Maria de las Mercedes (1880–1904) | Alfonso XII (father) Alfonso XIII (Brother) | 1880 1886 | 1885 1904 | displaced |
_(cropped).jpg) | Alfonso (1907–1938) | Alfonso XIII (father) | 1907 | 1933 | renounced his succession rights |
 | Juan (1913–1993) | 1933 | 1941 | Recognized as heir apparent to the Spanish throne and held the title in pretense from 21 June 1933, but preferred to use the title Count of Barcelona; renounced his claim to the throne in favor of his son, Juan Carlos on 14 May 1977 | |
 | Felipe (1968–) | Juan Carlos I (father) | 1977 | 2014 | ascended the throne as Felipe VI |
 | Leonor (2005–) | Felipe VI (father) | 2014 | Incumbent | |
See also
- Asturias
- Asturias, Cebu, Philippines
- Prince of Spain
- Princess of Asturias
- Monarchy of Spain
- Princess of Asturias Awards
- Spanish aircraft carrier Principe de Asturias
- List of titles and honours of the Heir Apparent to the Spanish Throne
References
- ↑ Proclaimed Princess of Asturias by a Royal Decree of 13 October 1830 and sworn as the heir to the throne on 20 June 1833
External links
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