Principal meridian

A principal meridian is a meridian used for survey control in a large region.

Canada

The Dominion Land Survey of Western Canada took its origin at the First (or Principal) Meridian, located at 97°27′28.41″ west of Greenwich, just west of Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Six other meridians were designated at four-degree intervals westward, with the seventh located in British Columbia; the second and fourth meridians form the general eastern border and the western border of Saskatchewan.

United States

Figure 1. This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used for surveying states (colored) in the PLSS.

In the United States Public Land Survey System, a principal meridian is the principal north-south line used for survey control in a large region, and which divides townships between east and west. The meridian meets its corresponding baseline at the point of origin, or initial point, for the land survey. For example, the Mount Diablo Meridian, used for surveys in California and Nevada, runs north-south through the summit of Mount Diablo.

Often, meridians are marked with roads, such as the Meridian Avenue in San Jose, California, Meridian Road in Vacaville, California, both on the Mount Diablo Meridian, Meridian Road in Wichita, Kansas on the Sixth Principal Meridian, and Meridian Avenue in several western Washington counties generally following the Willamette Meridian. Baseline Rd or Base Line St. extends for about 40 miles from Highland, CA (east of San Bernardino) to La Verne, CA where it meets Foothill Blvd.

See also

• Cardo
• Baseline (surveying)
• List of principal and guide meridians and base lines of the United States

External links

• The Principal Meridian Project (US)
• History of the Rectangular Survey System Note: this is a large file, approximately 46MB. Searchable PDF prepared by the author, C. A. White.
• Resources page of the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management