Proboscipedia (pb gene)

Proboscipedia, also known as the pb gene, is a protein coding gene in the Drosophila melanogaster, or fruit fly. This hox gene participates in the development of the labial and maxillary palps and mouthparts in the Drosophila fly. The pb gene is known to regulate the location of the antenna, maxillary palp, tarsus and proboscis identities.^[1] It belongs to the Antennapedia (Antp) homeobox family and the Proboscipedia subfamily.^[2] A homeobox gene is a transcription factor in which a region known as a homeodomain binds to a target gene promoter and controls the differentiation and development of cells. The pb gene is evidenced to be associated with the Sex combs reduced (Scr) gene. Both of these are essential for determination of the proboscis, a long flexible mouthpart in many insects used for the purpose of sucking.^[3] Mutated versions of the pb gene result in prothoracic (anterior to thorax) legs from labial palps and maxillary palps that display malformation or smaller size.^[4]

References

1. Brody, Thomas B., PhD. "Interactive Fly, Drosophila." Interactive Fly, Drosophila. FlyBase Archive Server, Nov. 1996. Web. 1 Apr. 2015. <http://cuttlefish.bio.indiana.edu:7082/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/segment/probosci.htm>.
2. Dos Santos G, Schroeder AJ, Goodman JL, Strelets VB, Crosby MA, Thurmond J, Emmert DB, Gelbart WM; the FlyBase Consortium. (2015) FlyBase: introduction of the Drosophila melanogaster Release 6 reference genome assembly and large-scale migration of genome annotations. Nucleic Acids Res. doi: 10.1093/nar/gku1099 < http://flybase.org/reports/FBgn0051481.html>
3. Brody, Thomas B., PhD. "Interactive Fly, Drosophila." Interactive Fly, Drosophila. FlyBase Archive Server, Nov. 1996. Web. 1 Apr. 2015. <http://cuttlefish.bio.indiana.edu:7082/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/segment/probosci.htm>.
4. Spirov, Alex. "Proboscipedia." Drosophila/Vertebrate Genes in Development: Drosophila Antp-like HOM-gen. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Apr. 2015. <http://www.iephb.nw.ru/hoxpro/pb.html>.