Sarmatian culture

Sarmatian culture (other names - Prohorovo culture) - archaeological culture of the Eurasian steppes IV-II centuries. BC, which is characterized by a complex of mounds in with. Prohorovski District Orenburg region, excavated S.I. Rudenko .

M.I.Rostovtsev - Prohorovo culture - mounds dated IV-III centuries. BC and linked with the eastern neighbors of the Scythians - Sarmatians (Sauromates-Sarmatian community). In 1927-1929 B.N.Grakov combined archaeological monuments of the Lower Volga and Southern Ural, similar Prohorovka, in Prohorovski (Sauromates Sarmatian) and dated her stage IV-II centuries. BC

Origin of the Sarmatian culture

There are two versions about the origin of the population of Sarmatian culture:

1. Sarmatian culture fully formed by the end of the IV. BC. e. based on local Sauromatian culture of Southern Ural and alien components brought tribes advancing from the forest-steppe Zauralye (Itkul culture, Gorohovo culture), Kazakhstan and possibly the Aral Sea region.^[1] At the end of the turn of the IV or IV-III centuries. BC. e. there was a mass migration of the nomads of the Southern Ural to the west in the Lower Volga and minor north, south and east. In the Lower Volga eastern nomads partially assimilated local sauromatian tribes, partly pressed into Azov Sea and the Western Caucasus, where they subsequently formed the basis sirakskogo nomadic association. Symbiosis Soutern-Ural Prohorovo culture with Lower Volga of Sauromatian culture define local differences between Prohorovski monuments Southern Ural and the Volga-Don region within a single culture.
2. Sarmatian culture in the Southern Ural formed due to early Prohorovo culture, and the culture of the Lower Volga sauromates developed separately at the same time as an independent community.^[2]

References

1. Мошкова М.Г. Памятники прохоровской культуры//САИ, 1963. Д. 1-10
2. Уральская историческая энциклопедия. — УрО РАН, Институт истории и археологии. Екатеринбург: Академкнига. Гл. ред. В. В. Алексеев. 2000.

Bibliography

• Граков Б.Н. ГYNAIKOKPATOYMENOI (Пережитки матриархата у сарматов)//ВДИ, 1947. № 3;
• Смирнов К.Ф. Савроматы. М., 1964;
• Пшеничнюк А.Х. Культура ранних кочевников Южного Приуралья. М., 1983;
• Скрипкин А.С. Азиатская Сарматия. Саратов, 1990.