Propyl

From left to right: the two isomeric groups propyl and 1-methylethyl (or isopropyl), and the non-isomeric cyclopropyl group.

In organic chemistry, propyl is a linear three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula –CH
2CH
2CH
3. It is the substituent form obtained by removing one hydrogen atom attached to the terminal carbon of propane.[1] A propyl substituent is often represented in organic chemistry with the symbol Pr (not to be confused with the element praseodymium).

There is an isomeric form of propyl named 1-methylethyl or isopropyl obtained by removing a hydrogen ion (proton) attached to the middle carbon of propane.[2]

Linear propyl is sometimes termed normal and written with a prefix n- (i.e., n-propyl). However, n- is redundant because the absence of any prefix implies an unbranched propyl.[3]

In addition there is a third, cyclic, form called cyclopropyl, or c-propyl. It is not isomeric with the other two forms, having the chemical formula -C3H5.

Examples

Propyl ethanoate, also called propyl acetate.

This is propyl ethanoate, an ester. The propyl group is attached to the molecule after the middle oxygen.

Other examples

See also

References

  1. ↑ IUPAC Nomenclature - Acyclic Hydrocarbons Rule A-1.
  2. ↑ IUPAC Nomenclature - Acyclic Hydrocarbons Rule A-2.
  3. ↑ IUPAC Nomenclature - Acyclic Hydrocarbons Rule A-1.
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