Protostropharia

Protostropharia
Protostropharia semiglobata growing on llama dung in South America
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Strophariaceae
Genus: Protostropharia
Redhead, Moncalvo & Vilgalys (2013)
Type species
Protostropharia semiglobata
(Batsch) Redhead, Moncalvo, Vilgalys (2013)
Species

Protostropharia alcis
Protostropharia arctica
Protostropharia dorispora
Protostropharia islandica
Protostropharia luteonitens
Protostropharia semiglobata
Protostropharia tuberosa

Protostropharia, is a coprophilous agaric fungal genus that produces glutinous, mostly yellowish to yellow brownfruit bodies. Characteristically most form chrysocystidia and rather large, smooth, violaceous basidiospores each with a prominent germ pore (as Stropharia subg. Stercophila[1][2]). It is differentiated from Stropharia by production of astrocystidia on its mycelium rather than by acanthocytes that Stropharia produces.[3][4][5][6] Phylogenetically, Protostropharia is distinct from Stropharia, Pholiota, and Leratiomyces.[7][8] Two species, P. luteonitens and P. tuberosa form pseudosclerotia in the dung substrates [9][10]

Etymology

The name Protostropharia refers to the less anatomically complex astrocystidia (Greek proto-) as compared to the acanthocytes in Stropharia.

References

  1. ↑ Kytövuori I. (1999). "The Stropharia semiglobata group in NW Europe". Karstenia 39: 11–32.
  2. ↑ Noordeloos ME. (2011). "Strophariaceae s.l.". Fungi Europaei 13: 1–658.
  3. ↑ Redhead SA. (2013). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum 15: 1–2.
  4. ↑ Redhead SA. (2013). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum 18: 1.
  5. ↑ Redhead SA. (2014). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum 148: 1.
  6. ↑ Redhead SA. (2014). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum 158: 1.
  7. ↑ Moncalvo JM, Vilgalys R, Redhead SA, Johnson JE, James TY, Catherine Aime M, Hofstetter V, Verduin SJ, Larsson E, Baroni TJ, Greg Thorn R, Jacobsson S, Clémençon H, Miller OK. (2002). "One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23 (3): 357–400. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00027-1. PMID 12099793.
  8. ↑ Walther G, Garnica S, Weiß M. (2005). "The systematic relevance of conidiogenesis modes in the gilled Agaricales". Mycological Research 109 (5): 525–44. doi:10.1017/S0953756205002868. PMID 16018308.
  9. ↑ Clémençon H, Roffler U. (2003). "The pseudosclerotia of the agaric Stropharia luteonitens". Mycological progress 2 (3): 235–238. doi:10.1007/s11557-006-0061-4.
  10. ↑ Redhead SA, Kroeger P. (1987). "A sclerotium-producing Hypholoma from British Columbia". Mycotaxon 29 (1): 457–465.
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