Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act

Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002
Citations

Other short titles	Bioterrorism Preparedness Act of 2001
Long title	An Act to improve the ability of the United States to prevent, prepare for, and respond to bioterrorism and other public health emergencies.
Enacted by	the 107th United States Congress
Effective	June 12, 2002
Public law	107-188
Statutes at Large	116 Stat. 594
Codification
Titles amended	42: Public Health and Social Welfare
U.S.C. sections amended	Chapter 6A § 201 et seq.
Legislative history
Introduced in the House as H.R. 3448 by Wilbert J. Tauzin, II (R–LA) on December 11, 2001 Passed the House on December 12, 2001 (418-2) Passed the Senate on December 20, 2001 (Passed Unanimous Consent) Reported by the joint conference committee on May 21, 2002; agreed to by the House on May 22, 2002 (425-1) and by the Senate on May 23, 2002 (98-0) Signed into law by President George W. Bush on June 12, 2002

Signed into effect on 12 June 2002, the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act, (PHSBPRA) was signed by the President, the Department of Health and Human Services DHHS and the U.S. Department of Agriculture USDA.

Intended to establish new requirements for registration of possession, use, and transfer of Select Agents and Toxins that could pose a threat to human, animal, and plant safety and health.

An important component to the new rules include security risk assessment of individuals who have access to the select agents and toxins. Any person who meets the criteria of a "restricted person" as defined in the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act) of 2001, must not be allowed to access these materials.

A “restricted person” is a person who:

is under indictment for a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year
has been convicted in any court of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year
is a fugitive from justice
is an unlawful user of any controlled substance (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802)
is an alien illegally or unlawfully in the United States
has been adjudicated as a mental defective or has been committed to any mental institution
is an alien (other than an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence) who is a national of Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan or Syria, or any other country to which the Secretary of State, pursuant to applicable law, has made a determination (that remains in effect) that such country has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism

has been discharged from the Armed Services of the United States under dishonorable conditions

Sources

United States biological defense program

Organizations

Federal
administrative

DHS	DHS Chemical and Biological Defense Division DHS Office of Health Affairs (National Biosurvelliance Integration Center, BioWatch) National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility National Bioforensic Analysis Center

DNI	National Counterproliferation Center (Advisory Committee on Bioterrorism)

DHHS	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response Division of Select Agents and Toxins (CDC) National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity

DoD	Assistant SECDEF for NCB Defense Programs Defense Threat Reduction Agency Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Joint Program Executive Office of Chemical and Biological Defense (JPEO-CBD) National Center for Medical Intelligence

Federal
research

Trans- departmental	National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research (National Integrated Biodefense Campus, Fort Detrick) Integrated National Biodefense Medical Countermeasures Portfolio (DHHS/DoD)

Military	U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Edgewood Chemical Biological Center Dugway Proving Ground

Civilian	Galveston National Laboratory (UTMB/NIAID) Integrated Research Facility (HHS/NIAID) Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (HHS) Homeland Security Research Program (EPA/DHS) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (USDA) Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit (USDA)

Response

Local	Local Health Departments

State	State Health Departments Nebraska Biocontainment Patient Care Unit

Federal	National Medical Response Team/National Pharmacy Response Team (NDMS, HHS) Chemical Biological Incident Response Force (USMC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (CDC) Aeromedical Biological Containment System (CDC) Bioterror Rapid Response and Advanced Technology Laboratory (CDC)

Non-
governmental

Academic centers & think tanks	UPMC Center for Health Security (formerly Center for Biosecurity) Henry L. Stimson Center Center for Advancing Microbial Risk Assessment Center for Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens (Brown University) Middle-Atlantic Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Center for Biodefense Immune Modeling (University of Rochester) Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases (NCBID; George Mason Univ.)

Government contractors	Battelle Memorial Institute SRI International Idaho Technology Phoenix Air

Programs
& projects

Threat reduction	Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program, including the Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (DoD) Project Bacchus Project Clear Vision Project Jefferson

Biosurveillance	Laboratory Response Network (CDC) BioWatch (EPA, CDC) Global Bio-Surveillance Technology Initiative (GBTI), Bio-Surveillance Management Office (BMO) (part of JPEO-CBD) ESSENCE (DoD) RODS (Civilian)

Biosecurity/Biosurety	Select Agent Program (CDC) Personnel Reliability Program (DoD)

Medical intelligence	National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases

Disaster response	National Response Framework of the National Strategy for Homeland Security (DHS; including NIMS & ICS) National Disaster Medical System (DHHS) Strategic National Stockpile (CDC, DHS)

Technology
& equipment

Protection	MOPP NBC suit Respirators

Detection	Cell CANARY Biological Materials MASINT Autonomous Pathogen Detection System Joint Biological Agent Identification and Diagnostic System (JBAIDS)

Biocontainment	Biosafety level Biosafety cabinet Positive pressure personnel suit

Law

Treaties	Geneva Protocol (1925, 1975) Statement on Chemical and Biological Defense Policies and Programs (1969) Biological Weapons Convention (1972)

Legislation	Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989 Executive Order 13139 (1999) Patriot Act (2001) Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act (2002) Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act of 2002 Project Bioshield Act (2004) Biodefense and Pandemic Vaccine and Drug Development Act of 2005 Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (2005) Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness Act (2006) Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013

International
representation

History

Past biological incidents	1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack 1989 California medfly attack 2001 anthrax attacks Wood Green ricin plot (2002) 2003 ricin letters 2013 ricin letters

Defunct organizations & programs	United States Army Medical Unit United States biological weapons program Sunshine Project Aeromedical Isolation Team (DoD)