Pyrgini

Pyrgini
Tropical Checkered Skipper, Pyrgus oileus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
(unranked):	Rhopalocera
Superfamily:	Hesperioidea
Family:	Hesperiidae
Subfamily:	Pyrginae
Tribe:	Pyrgini Burmeister, 1878
Diversity
22 genera

Polyctor polyctor
Cristalino River
Southern Amazon, Brazil

The Pyrgini are a tribe in the skipper butterfly subfamily Pyrginae. Formerly, when only 4 tribes of Pyrginae were recognized, the Pyrgini contained the largest number of genera among these. But this overly wide delimitation has since turned out to be paraphyletic.^[1]

One of the traditional Pyrginae tribes, the Eudamini, had to be raised to subfamily rank as Eudaminae. Some genera now in the Eudaminae were placed in the Pyrgini in earlier times. In addition, a number of additional tribes – Achlyodidini, Carcharodini and Erynnini – are now usually recognized again. These are close relatives of the Pyrgini sensu stricto, and may just as well be included in them as they used to be: together they do still form a monophyletic group. Most authors prefer to keep them separate however, as each is an apomorphic and biogeographically distinct lineage of the Pyrgini sensu lato. Of these newly recognized tribes, the Achlyodidini are closest to the Pyrgini, but conspicuously differ from the latter in their unusually-shaped wings.^[1]

Genera

The genera of the Pyrgini sensu stricto are:^[1]

Anisochoria Antigonus Carrhenes Celotes – streaky skippers Clito Cornuphallus Diaeus Eracon Heliopetes Heliopyrgus Onenses

Paches Plumbago Pseudodrephalys Pyrgus – grizzled skippers, "checkered skippers" Spioniades Systasea Timochreon Trina Xenophanes Zobera Zopyrion Godman & Salvin, [1896]

The species Polyctor is also considered as part of the tribe.

Footnotes

1. Brower & Warren (2007)

References

• Brower, Andrew V.Z. & Warren, Andrew (2007): Tree of Life Web Project – Pyrgini. Version of 2007-MAR-04. Retrieved 2009-DEC-26.