Qpass
Qpass of Seattle, WA was a technology company that specialized in providing the infrastructure for electronic payments. Examples are selling products through mobile phones, digital television and for billing services for Voice over IP products.
Prior to the dot-com boom Qpass handled billing of small web purchases such as buying an archived article from the New York Times website. The company nearly collapsed with the dot-com bust and re-invented itself as a company that works for providers in the mobile sector where premium content is still seen as a viable market.
Qpass was launched in 1997 and raised about $100m in funding. It was held privately by a mixture of venture capitalist firms before it was acquired in 2006 by Amdocs. The company says that it serves 175m mobile phone consumers and has conducted over $1bn in business, but does not publish formal accounts.