REG3A

Regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha
PDB rendering based on 1uv0.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1UV0​, 2GO0​, 4MTH​
Identifiers
Symbols	REG3A ; HIP; HIP/PAP; INGAP; PAP; PAP-H; PAP1; PBCGF; REG-III; REG3
External IDs	OMIM: 167805 MGI: 97478 HomoloGene: 130506 GeneCards: REG3A Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • carbohydrate binding Cellular component • extracellular space • cytoplasm Biological process • acute-phase response • heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules • multicellular organismal development • cell proliferation • positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation • negative regulation of keratinocyte differentiation • positive regulation of wound healing Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5068	18489
Ensembl	ENSG00000172016	ENSMUSG00000071356
UniProt	Q06141	P35230
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002580	NM_011036
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002571	NP_035166
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 79.16 – 79.16 Mb	Chr 6: 78.37 – 78.37 Mb
PubMed search

Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha (also Regenerating islet-derived protein III-alpha) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG3A gene.^[1][2]

This gene encodes a pancreatic secretory protein that may be involved in cell proliferation or differentiation. It has similarity to the C-type lectin superfamily. The enhanced expression of this gene is observed during pancreatic inflammation and liver carcinogenesis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described for this gene but the full length nature of some transcripts is not yet known.^[2]

Reg3A (UniProt Q06141) is a bactericidal C-type lectin that is constitutively produced in the intestine that has antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial killing is mediated by binding to surface-exposed carbohydrate moieties of bacterial peptidoglycan.^[3][4]

References

1. Dusetti NJ, Frigerio JM, Fox MF, Swallow DM, Dagorn JC, Iovanna JL (Jun 1994). "Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of the human pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) gene". Genomics 19 (1): 108–14. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1019. PMID 8188210.
2. "Entrez Gene: REG3A regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha".
3. Cash, Heather L.; Whitham, Cecilia V.; Behrendt, Cassie L.; Hooper, Lora V. (2006-08-25). "Symbiotic bacteria direct expression of an intestinal bactericidal lectin". Science (New York, N.Y.) 313 (5790): 1126–1130. doi:10.1126/science.1127119. ISSN 1095-9203. PMC 2716667. PMID 16931762.
4. Vaishnava, Shipra; Yamamoto, Miwako; Severson, Kari M.; Ruhn, Kelly A.; Yu, Xiaofei; Koren, Omry; Ley, Ruth; Wakeland, Edward K.; Hooper, Lora V. (2011-10-14). "The antibacterial lectin RegIIIγ promotes the spatial segregation of microbiota and host in the intestine". Science (New York, N.Y.) 334 (6053): 255–258. doi:10.1126/science.1209791. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 3321924. PMID 21998396.

Further reading

• Lasserre C, Christa L, Simon MT, et al. (1992). "A novel gene (HIP) activated in human primary liver cancer". Cancer Res. 52 (18): 5089–95. PMID 1325291.
• Orelle B, Keim V, Masciotra L, et al. (1993). "Human pancreatitis-associated protein. Messenger RNA cloning and expression in pancreatic diseases". J. Clin. Invest. 90 (6): 2284–91. doi:10.1172/JCI116115. PMC 443380. PMID 1469087.
• Itoh T, Teraoka H (1993). "Cloning and tissue-specific expression of cDNAs for the human and mouse homologues of rat pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP)". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1172 (1–2): 184–6. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(93)90290-t. PMID 7679928.
• Itoh T, Sawabu N, Motoo Y, et al. (1995). "The human pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP)-encoding gene generates multiple transcripts through alternative use of 5' exons". Gene 155 (2): 283–7. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00799-X. PMID 7721106.
• Lasserre C, Simon MT, Ishikawa H, et al. (1994). "Structural organization and chromosomal localization of a human gene (HIP/PAP) encoding a C-type lectin overexpressed in primary liver cancer". Eur. J. Biochem. 224 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19991.x. PMID 8076648.
• Christa L, Carnot F, Simon MT, et al. (1997). "HIP/PAP is an adhesive protein expressed in hepatocarcinoma, normal Paneth, and pancreatic cells". Am. J. Physiol. 271 (6 Pt 1): G993–1002. PMID 8997243.
• Rafaeloff R, Pittenger GL, Barlow SW, et al. (1997). "Cloning and sequencing of the pancreatic islet neogenesis associated protein (INGAP) gene and its expression in islet neogenesis in hamsters". J. Clin. Invest. 99 (9): 2100–9. doi:10.1172/JCI119383. PMC 508040. PMID 9151782.
• Bödeker H, Keim V, Fiedler F, et al. (2000). "PAP I interacts with itself, PAP II, PAP III, and lithostathine/regIalpha". Mol. Cell Biol. Res. Commun. 2 (3): 150–4. doi:10.1006/mcbr.1999.0166. PMID 10662590.
• Graf R, Schiesser M, Scheele GA, et al. (2001). "A family of 16-kDa pancreatic secretory stress proteins form highly organized fibrillar structures upon tryptic activation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (24): 21028–38. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010717200. PMID 11278730.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Simon MT, Pauloin A, Normand G, et al. (2003). "HIP/PAP stimulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and combines mitogenic and anti-apoptotic functions through the PKA signaling pathway". FASEB J. 17 (11): 1441–50. doi:10.1096/fj.02-1013com. PMID 12890698.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Lieu HT, Batteux F, Simon MT, et al. (2005). "HIP/PAP accelerates liver regeneration and protects against acetaminophen injury in mice". Hepatology 42 (3): 618–26. doi:10.1002/hep.20845. PMID 16116631.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Cash HL, Whitham CV, Behrendt CL, Hooper LV (2006). "Symbiotic Bacteria Direct Expression of an Intestinal Bactericidal Lectin". Science 313 (5790): 1126–30. doi:10.1126/science.1127119. PMC 2716667. PMID 16931762.
• Ho MR, Lou YC, Lin WC, et al. (2006). "Human pancreatitis-associated protein forms fibrillar aggregates with a native-like conformation". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (44): 33566–76. doi:10.1074/jbc.M604513200. PMID 16963458.