Refractory clergy

In the French Revolution, refractory clergy were those clergy members who refused to take the oath of loyalty to the constitution.

They were often martyred, like Father Noël Pinot.

References

• Ballard, Richard (2011). A New Dictionary of the French Revolution. I.B.Tauris. p. 293. ISBN 978-1848854659. Retrieved 22 September 2012.