Remington Model 31

Remington Model 31
Type Shotgun
Place of origin  United States
Service history
Wars World War II
Production history
Designer C.C. Loomis
John Pedersen
Designed 1931
Manufacturer Remington Arms
Produced 1931 - 1949
Number built 196,000
Variants Model 31L
Specifications
Cartridge 12ga, 16ga, 20ga
Barrels plain, solid rib or vent rib
Action Pump
Feed system tubular magazine
Sights Bead

The Remington Model 31 is a pump-action shotgun that competed with the Winchester Model 1912 for the American sporting arms market.[1] Produced from 1931 to 1949, it superseded the John Pedersen designed, bottom loading and ejecting Models 10 and 29, and the John Browning designed Model 17. It was replaced by the less expensive to manufacture Remington 870 in 1951.[2]

History

While the Remington Model 17 enjoyed some success, a solid, 12-gauge featuring side-ejection was needed to compete with Winchester. C.C. Loomis sized up the Model 17 and adapted it for side ejection. The Model 31 was Remington's first side ejecting pump-action shotgun. Stocks were walnut with checkered walnut forend and later changed to a ribbed forend. The Model 31 was made in three gauges with 121,000 12-gauge models made and 75,000 16- and 20-gauge examples also produced. The Federal Bureau of Investigation acquired one Model 31 per office in 1935 in response to the Kansas City Massacre.[3] The model 31L was a lightweight version featuring an aluminum receiver and trigger housing.

During World War II Remington produced a Model 31 riot gun for military use. These were stamped "U.S. Property" on the left side of the receiver and had an approximate serial number range of 51000-63000. Except for a single prototype, no Model 31 trench guns were produced.[4]

Despite being well received, sales still lagged far behind the Winchester. Remington went back to the drawing board and designed the Model 870; this shotgun matched the durability of the Model 12 at a significantly lower cost. Despite the overwhelming success of the 870, many shotgun connoisseurs consider the Model 31 to be the ne plus ultra of pump shotguns with its "ball-bearing" slide action.[5]

The Model 31 was later used as a basis for the Mossberg 500 and related shotguns. The Mossberg is simplified and cheaper to produce. Notable differences are the use of a two-piece bolt with separate locking piece as well as a significantly simplified barrel mounting system. Further, the bolt locks into a barrel extension rather than directly to the receiver.

References

  1. Remington's Magnificent Five - Page Two
  2. http://www.remington.com/library/history/firearm_models/shotguns/model_31.asp Remington history page
  3. Vanderpool, Bill "Bring Enough Gun" American Rifleman October 2013 pp.80-85&115-116
  4. Canfield, Bruce (1992). U>S> Infantry Weapons of World War II. Lincoln, RI: Andrew Mowbray Publishers. p. 132. ISBN 0-917218-67-1.
  5. Simpson, Lane. "Remington's Magnificent Five", Shooting Times, May 2000
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