Republican River

Republican River
Coster Blanches, Ki-ra-ru-tah, Mahohevaohe[1]
The Republican River near Riverton, Nebraska
Country United States
State Nebraska, Kansas
Tributaries
 - left North Fork Republican River,
Frenchman Creek, Red Willow Creek,
Medicine Creek
 - right Arikaree River,
South Fork Republican River,
Sappa Creek, Prairie Dog Creek
Source confluence
 - location Haigler, Nebraska
 - elevation 3,253 ft (992 m)
 - coordinates 40°01′12″N 101°56′16″W / 40.02000°N 101.93778°W / 40.02000; -101.93778 [1]
Mouth Kansas River
 - location Junction City, Kansas
 - elevation 1,043 ft (318 m)
 - coordinates 39°03′36″N 98°48′05″W / 39.06000°N 98.80139°W / 39.06000; -98.80139Coordinates: 39°03′36″N 98°48′05″W / 39.06000°N 98.80139°W / 39.06000; -98.80139 [1]
Length 453 mi (729 km)
Basin 24,900 sq mi (64,491 km2)
Discharge for Junction City about 3 mi (4.8 km) above the mouth[2]
 - average 848 cu ft/s (24 m3/s)
 - max 33,300 cu ft/s (943 m3/s)
 - min 3.2 cu ft/s (0 m3/s)
Watersheds Republican-Kansas-Missouri-Mississippi
Reservoirs Swanson Lake, Harlan County Reservoir, Milford Lake

The Republican River is a river in the central Great Plains of North America, rising in the High Plains of eastern Colorado and flowing east 453 miles (729 km)[3] through the U.S. states of Nebraska and Kansas.

Geography

The Republican River is formed by the confluence of the North Fork Republican River and the Arikaree River just north of Haigler in Dundy County, Nebraska. It joins with the South Fork Republican River immediately southeast of Benkelman, Nebraska. All three tributaries originate in the High Plains of northeastern Colorado.[4][5][6] From the confluence, the river flows generally eastward along the southern border of Nebraska, passing through Swanson Reservoir and Harlan County Reservoir before curving southward into the Smoky Hills region of Kansas. The Republican River joins the Smoky Hill River at Junction City, Kansas to form the Kansas River.

Some cities along the river are McCook, Nebraska, Clay Center, Kansas, Concordia, Kansas and Junction City, Kansas. Near Concordia is the Republican River Pegram Truss, a bridge that goes over the Republican River that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Map of the Republican River, its tributaries, and drainage basin.

History

The river was named after a branch of Pawnee Indians known as "the Republicans."[7]

Allocation of the water from the Republican River is governed through an agreement called the Republican River Compact, involving the states of Nebraska, Kansas and Colorado, as modified by the settlement[8] of a United States Supreme Court case involving a water-use dispute under the Compact.[9]

Major flooding

Photo of flat ground, largely covered with shallow water; poles, shrubs, and grasses projecting above surface
June 24, 1947, flood of the Republican River on the border of Jewell County, Kansas and Republic County, Kansas near Hardy, Nebraska and Webber, Kansas, just south of Nebraska NE-8 on Kansas 1 Rd/CR-1 bridge over the Republican River. The normal flood stage for the river is at the tree line in the foreground.

July 1902

On July 9, 1902, the river flooded near Concordia, Kansas, breaking a dam and re-routing the river by a quarter-mile (about half a kilometer).[10]

May/June 1935

The storm of May 31 and June 1, 1935, (called "Nebraska's Deadliest Flood") dumped an average rainfall of 9 inches (230 mm) on the river's watershed. This storm was also unique in that it moved in the same direction as the drainage basin. As a result, the Frenchman, Red Willow, Medicine, Deer, Muddy, and Turkey creeks all reached their flood peaks at the same time as the crest passed on the Republican River.

According to witness accounts, the roar of the water could be heard coming down the Republican Valley 5 miles (8 km) away. Many survivors also reported that there were two crests - the water came up on May 28, then receded slightly, but the second crest on June 1 greatly exceeded the first. At one point, the water rose 6 feet (1.8 m) in 30 minutes and was 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5 m) higher than the previous record crest. Another account states that the Republican rose 10 feet (3 m) in 12 minutes in McCook, destroying the structures in its path. Water was 20 feet (6 m) deep in some places, and the discharge was 280,000 cubic feet per second (7,900 m3/s), more than 320 times the normal flow today.

Estimates show 113 people killed. From 11,400 to 41,500 head of cattle were killed; one report said that carcasses littering the roads made them impassable. A total of 341 miles (549 km) of highway and 307 bridges were destroyed, and 74,500 acres (301 km2) of farmland were inundated.[11]

See also

Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article Republican River.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Republican River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  2. ↑ "USGS Gage #06857100 on the Republican River at Junction City, KS" (PDF). National Water Information System. U.S. Geological Survey. 1964–2014. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
  3. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed March 25, 2011
  4. ↑ "North Fork Republican River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  5. ↑ "South Fork Republican River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  6. ↑ "Arikaree River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  7. ↑ Stewart, George R. (1967) Names on the Land. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 223.
  8. ↑ Final Settlement Stipulation, Kansas v. Nebraska (PDF), December 15, 2002, retrieved 2012-08-14
  9. ↑ Kansas v. Nebraska, 538 U.S. 720 (2003) (per curium order approving settlement).
  10. ↑ A Proud Past... A Pictorial History of Concordia, Kansas, by Bell, Rachel Lowrey (1998), Marceline, Missouri: D-Books Publishing.
  11. ↑ Nebraska State Historical Society "Republican Flood of 1935-Nebraska's Deadliest Flood"

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Republican River.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, February 12, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.