King of the Slavs

King of the Slavs (Latin: rex Sclavorum, Sclavorum rex) was a title denoting some Slavic rulers, as well as Germanic rulers that conquered Slavs, in the Middle Ages in European sources, such as Papal correspondence.

Papal use is bolded.

Slavic

• Samo, ruler of Slavs (623–658); in the Frankish Annals

• Drogoviz, ruler of the Veleti (789); in Annales Mettenses priores in c. 805^[1]

• Trpimir I, ruler of Croatia (845–864); erranously by Gottschalk in the 840s^[2]

• Svatopluk I of Moravia, ruler of Moravia (870–894); by Pope Stephen V in 885^[3]

• Michael, ruler of Zahumlje (913–926); erranously in the Annales Barenses^[4]

• Mihailo Vojislavljević, ruler of Duklja (1050–1081); by Pope Gregory VII in 1077^[5]

• Vukan, ruler of Rascia/Serbia (1089–1105); by William of Tyre^[6][7] between 1170 and 1184

• Stefan Dragutin, ruler of Serbia (1276–1282) and Syrmia (1282–1316); by Pope Nicholas IV in 1288^[8]

Non-Slavic

• Canute Lavard, Danish prince (1120–1131); by Abbott Wilhelm after 1129^[9]

See also

• King of the Wends
• King of the Antes

References

1. Adalbert-Stifter-Verein (Munich, Germany) (1961). Veröffentlichungen der Wissenschaftlichen Abteilung. Edmund Gans Verlag. p. 26.
2. John V. A. Fine (5 February 2010). When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods. University of Michigan Press. pp. 36–. ISBN 0-472-02560-0.
3. Maddalena Betti (24 October 2013). The Making of Christian Moravia (858-882): Papal Power and Political Reality. BRILL. pp. 189–. ISBN 978-90-04-26008-5.
4. Armin Pavić (1906). Postanje Gundulićeva Osmana i glávâ 29-36 u Porfirogenitovoj De adm. imp. Tisak Kr. zemaljske tiskare. p. 62.
5. Woislav M. Petrovitch (1920). Hero Tales and Legends of the Serbians. Library of Alexandria. pp. 23–. ISBN 978-1-4655-1932-0.
6. Francis W. Carter (1972). Dubrovnik (Ragusa): A Classic City-state. Seminar Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-12-812950-0.
7. Pavel Josef Šafařík (1863). Sebrané spisy: Slovanské starožitnosti. Tempský. pp. 270–.
8. Concise Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante. Ardent Media. pp. 566–. GGKEY:P53U8KC8WZR. Addressed (in 1288) by Pope Nicholas IV as 'Rex Sclavorum'; he signed himself (in 1305 or 1307) in a document still extant in the Venetian archives as ' Stephanus Urosch Rex Serbicarum terrarum et maritimarum '. a [Stefano Urosio.] ...
9. Christian Raffensperger (12 March 2012). Reimagining Europe: Kievan Rus’ in the Medieval World. Harvard University Press. pp. 103–. ISBN 978-0-674-06546-8.