Swat River

This article is about the Swat river in Pakistan. For Swat valley, city or district, see Swat District. For the former princely state, see Swat (princely state). For other uses, see Swat (disambiguation).
Swat
River
Swat river near Madyan
Country Pakistan
province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
District Swat
Tributaries
 - left Ushu Khwar, Bashigram Khwar
 - right Daral Khwar, Gabral Khwar
Source Hindu Kush Mountains
Source confluence Ushu khwar & Gabral Khwar
 - location Kalam
Mouth Kabul River
 - location Charsadda
Length 240 km (149 mi)
Basin 14,000 km2 (5,405 sq mi)

The Swat River (Pashto: د سوات سیند‎)(Urdu: دریائے سوات‎)is a perennial river in the northern region of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. The river commences in Swat Kohistan region of Kalam with the confluence of two main tributaries Ushu and Gabral and runs downstream in a narrow gorge up to Baghdheri.

Origin of the name & Route

The name is derived from an old Sanskrit term Suvastu which means good (su) (by-the-water)settlement (vasti) cognate with Avestan Hu-Vangh. It is mentioned in Rig Veda 8.19.37 as the Suvastu river.[1] With the passage of time, it was shortened to Swat by the people. Its source lies in the Hindukush Mountains, from where it is fed by the glacial waters throughout the year and flows through the Kalam Valley in a narrow gorge with a rushing speed up to Madyan and lower plain areas of Swat Valley up to Chakdara for 160 km. In the extreme south of the valley, once again the river enters to a narrow gorge and joins river panjkora at Qalangi and finally empties into Kabul river near Charsadda. It is diverted near Batkhela for irrigation and power generation purposes. The upper Swat canal flows under Malakand through Benton tunnel. Below Dargai the upper canal is divided into two branches, one supplying Charsadda and the other Swabi & Mardan. while the waters is also used for hydropower generation at Jabban & Dargai power stations.

Swat River

Economic significance

Swat River plays an important role in the economy of the valley. It irrigates large areas of Swat District, Malakand District and lower Peshawar Valley and recharge water wells & springs through seepage. The river serves as a habitat for diverse species of birds & contributes to the fishing industry of the region. The aesthetic scenery of river attracts thousands of tourists from all over Pakistan during the summer season.

Swat river

Hydropower Potential

Swat river

River Swat has a great untapped hydropower potential which could be harnessed for green power generation. Among them, the feasible site near Munda Headworks has an installed generation capacity of 740 MW.[2] while others are Asrit Kedam HPP, Gabral HPP and Matiltan HPP.

There are several micro hydro-electric power projects on canals from the Swat River which generate electricity for local usage.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Journal of Indian History by: University of Kerala Dept. of History, University of Allahabad Dept. of Modern Indian History, University of Travancore, University of Kerala, Published by Dept. of Modern Indian History, 1963 page 28
  2. ↑ http://wapda.gov.pk/vision2025/htmls_vision2025/munda.htm

External links

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Coordinates: 34°07′N 71°43′E / 34.117°N 71.717°E / 34.117; 71.717

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Saturday, March 12, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.