Viviparidae
Viviparidae Temporal range: Aptian[1]-Recent | |
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An alive but retracted individual of Viviparus contectus, showing the operculum | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
(unranked): | clade Caenogastropoda informal group Architaenioglossa |
Superfamily: | Viviparoidea |
Family: | Viviparidae J. E. Gray, 1847[2] |
Subfamilies | |
| |
Diversity[3] | |
125–150 freshwater species |
Viviparidae, sometimes known as the river snails, are a family of large operculate freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks.
This family is classified in the informal group Architaenioglossa according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.
Distribution
This family occurs nearly worldwide in temperate and tropical regions, with the exception that they are absent from South America.
There are two genera of Viviparidae in Africa: Bellamya and Neothauma.[4]
Taxonomy
The family Viviparidae contains 3 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):
- Viviparinae Gray, 1847 (1833) - synonyms: Paludinidae Fitzinger, 1833 (inv.); Kosoviinae Atanackovic, 1859 (n.a.)
- Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937 - synonym: Amuropaludinidae Starobogatov, Prozorova, Bogatov & Sayenko, 2004 (n.a.)
- Lioplacinae Gill, 1863 - synonym: Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929
Genera
Genera within the family Viviparidae include:
subfamily Viviparinae Gray, 1847
- Galizgia Mikhaylovskiy, 1903
- † Kosovia Atanacković, 1959
- Trochopaludina Starobogatov, 1985
- Tulotoma Haldeman, 1840
- Viviparus Montfort, 1810 - type genus
subfamily Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937
- Amuropaludina Moskvicheva, 1979
- Angulyagra Rao, 1931[5]
- Anulotaia Brandt, 1968
- Anularya Zhang & Chen, 2015[6]
- † Apameaus Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006[7] This Pliocene-Pleistocene genus contains only one species Apameaus apameae Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006
- Bellamya Jousseame, 1886 - type genus of the subfamily
- Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912[5]
- Eyriesia P. Fischer, 1885
- Filopaludina Habe, 1964
- Heterogen Annandale, 1921 - with the only species Heterogen longispira (E. A. Smith, 1886)
- Idiopoma Pilsbry, 1901
- Laguncula Benson, 1842
- Larina Adams, 1851[1]
- Margarya Nevill, 1877
- Mekongia Crosse & Fischer, 1876
- Neclarina Iredale, 1943
- Notopala Cotton, 1935[8]
- Rivularia Heude, 1890
- Sinotaia Haas, 1939
- Taia Annandale, 1918
- † Temnotaia Annandale, 1919
- Tchangmargarya He, 2013[6]
- Torotaia Haas, 1939
- Trochotaia Brandt, 1974[9]
subfamily Lioplacinae Gill, 1863
subfamily ?
- † Albianopalin Hamilton-Bruce, Smith & Gowlett-Holmes, 2002[10] - from Albian, New South Wales[10]
- Neothauma E. A. Smith, 1880 - with the only species Neothauma tanganyicense E. A. Smith, 1880[4]
- Siamopaludina Brandt, 1968
- Genera brought into synonymy
- Centrapala Cotton, 1935:[1] synonym of Larina A. Adams, 1855
- Contectiana Bourguignat, 1880: synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
- Eularina Iredale, 1943: synonym of Larina A. Adams, 1855
- subfamily † Kosoviinae Atanacković, 1959: synonym of Viviparidae Gray, 1847
- Lecythoconcha Annandale, 1920: synonym of Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912
- Metohia Popović, 1964 : (junior homonym, no replacement name available in 2014)
- Notopalena Iredale, 1943: synonym of Notopala Cotton, 1935
- Paludina Férussac, 1812: synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
- Siamopaludina Brandt, 1968 : synonym of Filopaludina (Siamopaludina) Brandt, 1968 represented as Filopaludina Habe, 1964
- Vivipara : synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Life cycle
Life spans have been reported from 3 to 11 years in various species of Viviparidae.[11]
References
- 1 2 3 Kear, B. P.; Hamilton-Bruce, R. J.; Smith, B. J.; Gowlett-Holmes, K. L. (2003). "Reassessment of Australia's oldest freshwater snail, Viviparus (?) albascopularis Etheridge, 1902 (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Viviparidae), from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Wallumbilla Formation) of White Cliffs, New South Wales". Molluscan Research 23 (2): 149–158. doi:10.1071/MR03003.
- ↑ Gray J. E. (November 1847) (1833). "A list of genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types". Proceedings of the Zoological Society in London, 15: 129-182. Viviparidae at page 155.
- ↑ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. hdl:10088/7390 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
- 1 2 Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.
- 1 2 (file created 29 July 2010) FRESH WATER MOLLUSCAN SPECIES IN INDIA. 11 pp. accessed 31 July 2010.
- 1 2 Zhang, L. J.; Chen, S. C.; Yang, L. T.; Jin, L.; Köhler, F. (2015). "Systematic revision of the freshwater snail Nevill, 1877 (Mollusca: Viviparidae) endemic to the ancient lakes of Yunnan, China, with description of new taxa". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 174 (4): 760–800. doi:10.1111/zoj.12260.
- ↑ Sivan, N.; Heller, J.; van Damme, D. (2006). "Fossil Viviparidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Levant". Journal of Conchology 39 (2): 207–220.
- ↑ River Snail (Notopala sublineata). accessed 26 September 2010
- ↑ Du L.-N., Yang J.-X. & Chen X.-Y. (2011). "A new species of Trochotaia (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae) from Yunnan, China". Molluscan Research 31(2): 85-89. abstract
- 1 2 Hamilton-Bruce R. J., Smith B. J. & Gowlett-Holmes K. L. (2002). "Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of viviparid snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Viviparidae) from the Early Cretaceous (middle-late Albian) Griman Creek Formation of Lightning Ridge, northern New South Wales". Records of the South Australian Museum 35': 193–203. PDF
- ↑ Heller, J (1990). "Longevity in molluscs". Malacologia 31 (2): 259–295.
Further reading
- Hirano T., Saito T. & Chiba S. (2015). "Phylogeny of freshwater viviparid snails in Japan". Journal of Molluscan Studies 81(4): 435-441. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyv019.
- Qian Z.-X., Fang Y.-F. & He J. (2014). "A conchological review of Bellamyinae (Gastropoda: Viviparidae) of China". Shell Discoveries 1(3): 3-12.
External links
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