Robert Boyer (chemist)

Robert Allen Boyer (September 30, 1909 in Toledo, Ohio – November 11, 1989 in Dunedin, Florida)^[1] was a chemist employed by Henry Ford, he was extremely proficient at inventing ways to convert soybeans into paints and plastic parts used on Ford automobiles.Robert Allen Boyer, your average “B” chemistry student was given an extraordinary opportunity that changed his future and the future of automobile production in the U.S. (Plastic) Boyer, born on 30 September 1909 in Toledo, Ohio was given this chance when Ford hired his father to run the nation's oldest hotel, the Wayside Inn, in South Sudbury, Massachusetts. Ford frequented the inn and that is where Boyer was discovered. Ford claimed that Boyer had a “keen active mind”. He asked Boyer to enroll in the new Henry Ford Trade School and participate in its unique work-study program instead of following his plans to enter Andover prep school and then Dartmouth College (Shurtleff). Boyer excelled in the Ford Trade School and took to exploring concepts such as how to manufacture synthetic wool from soybeans. These were the types of problems that stumped the experts (Plastic). Boyer graduated the Ford Trade School at the age of 21 with a promising chemistry career in front of him. He started this career as the head of the soybean lab at the Edison Institute (Shurtleff). Here Boyer’s career took off. He started working to use soybeans in ways they had never been used before. Boyer has done things from extracting lubricating and paint oils from the soybean to creating a synthetic wool made from soybeans and pressing insulating varnish for starters and generators (Plastic). One of Boyer’s first projects began in 1932 and included building “a small solvent extractor to separate the bean into soy oil and protein-rich meal” (Shurtleff). The soybean oil became the most crucial commercial soy products on Ford cars. In 1934 the five to eight coats of lacquer that cars previously had been finished with was replaced with a synthetic baked enamel paint which contained about 35% soy oil. This new synthetic paint with soy oil saved considerable time and money. In 1937, Boyer developed a curved plastic sheet which he hoped would replace steel in the auto bodies of ford cars. He was so confident in his product that he took an axe to it in the middle of a crowd of reporters and critics. He also jumped up and down on the curved sheet. When there was no bending in the sheet and no shattering due to the axe and the weight of him jumping on the sheet, people were astounded (shurtleff). This soy protein plastic sheet consist of 70% cellulose and 30% resin binder pressed into cloth. “The new rust-free, dent-proof plastic was reportedly 50% lighter and 50% cheaper to produce than steel” (Shurtleff). This new plastic body cut the total weight of the car from 3,000 lb. to 2,000 (Dearborn). The sheets look like polished steel an can be bet but just snap back into place, therefor when caught in a fender benders, the fender would bounce back like “rubber balls” (Shurtleff). Needless to say, this product was a breakthrough in the world of automobile production. Boyer also used the soy isolates to produce the world's first plant protein fiber in 1938(Shurtleff.). This fiber resembled a soft wool, it was tan in color, had a medium luster and a soft warm feel. “it has 80% the strength of wool, took the same dyes, had good elongation, and did not wet as easily as wool.”(Shurtleff). Boyer figured this fiber could be used for upholstery in cars, filling in felt hats, or for clothing. Boyer changed the way the soybean was used and created innovative products we use daily. ^[2][3][4]

References

1. "Robert Allen Boyer", in Ford Richardson Bryan, Henry's Lieutenants, 1993, Wayne University Press, p. 45-51
2. Schwarcz, Joseph A. (2004). The Fly in the Ointment: 70 Fascinating Commentaries on the Science of Everyday Life Canadian electronic library. ECW Press. p. 193. ISBN 1-55022-621-5.
3. Time (Nov 11, 1940). "AUTOMOBILES: Plastic Fords" (web). Time Inc. Retrieved November 15, 2009.
4. Bryan, F R (1993). Henry's Lieutenants. Wayne State University Press. p. 45. ISBN 0-8143-3213-7.

Dearborn. "Plastic Ford Unveiled." Time 25 Aug. 1941: n. pag. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Mar. 2013. <http://ehis.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.lib.indiana.edu/ehost/detail?vid=3&sid=62ae1999-6eec-45d6-a1bc-e2beef8bf678%40sessionmgr111&hid=8&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=aph&AN=54828415>.

"Plastic Fords." Time 11 Nov. 1940: n. pag. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Mar. 2013. <http://ehis.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.lib.indiana.edu/ehost/detail?vid=3&sid=62ae1999-6eec-45d6-a1bc-e2beef8bf678%40sessionmgr111&hid=104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=aph&AN=54825397>.

Shurtleff, William, and Akiko Aoyagi. "Henry Ford and His Employees: Work with Soy." Soy Info Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Mar. 2013. <http://www.soyinfocenter.com/HSS/henry_ford_and_employees.php>.