Robert Small (minister)

Robert Small FRSE (1732–1808) was a Scottish minister who served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1791. He was keenly interested in mathematics and astronomy and was a founder member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,[1] (elected Fellow on 17 November 1783[2]) to whose Transactions he contributed a paper proving some theorems in geometry. He was Minister of the first charge (St Mary's) in the Parish of Dundee, and used his mathematical abilities and enquiring spirit to compile, in 1792, an exemplary Report on his Parish for the First Statistical Account of Scotland.[3] In 1804 he published an explanation of Kepler's laws of planetary motion.[4] He was very active in social improvements in his parish, organising (in conjunction with Robert Stewart, a surgeon, a subscription for Voluntary Dispensary, and Surgery, which eventually became Dundee Royal Infirmary.

Life

Small was born on 12 December 1732 the son of the church minister of in Carmyllie, Angus, Rev. James Small, from minor gentry background. Robert received his education at Dundee Grammar School and the University of St Andrews which also awarded him a DD (Doctor of Divinity) Degree on 29 October 1778.[5] He was elected by the Town Council of Dundee to be preacher in the Cross Church and catechist and took up post on 2 May 1759. He was called to be minister of the first charge of the Parish of Dundee, St Mary's, where he was ordained on 20 May 1761. He was appointed chaplain to the Royal Highlanders (83rd Foot) in 1778. He was called before the General Assembly to reply to charges that, when ordaining Elders, on 9 September 1798, in his Parish he asked unconventional, surprise questions, and did not require them to subscribe to the Westminster Confession of Faith. He was admonished and warned to be more careful in future. On Thursday 29 May 1800, the Assembly voted to

enjoin Dr Small to be careful hereafter, to testify, by his whole conduct, that respect for the Standards of this Church, and for the fences wisely provided by our Ecclesiastical Constitution, against dangerous innovation, which corresponds to the declaration stated in his defences, as repeatedly made by him in the Kirk-session of Dundee, that he glorified in the Confession of Faith.[6]

He was reputed to be an excellent classical scholar and an interesting preacher, well versed in natural philosophy and mathematics and was a patron of literature.

His brother, William was by profession a physician but seems to was more active in scientific and industrial concerns. He emigrated for a time to Virginia, where he was Professor of Mathematics in William and Mary College and tutored Thomas Jefferson, but returned to Britain, carrying a letter of introduction from Benjamin Franklin to the industrialist Matthew Boulton. In turn, Dr Small introduced Boulton to James Watt. Robert Small was an integral part of the Scottish Enlightenment with world-wide connections to the broader Enlightenment. Both the Small brothers played a crucial part in the education of the economist and mathematician William Playfair . Robert, in particular, recommended Playfair to James Watt for the position of draughtsman and assistant.

Robert married Jean Yeaman, daughter of a merchant (and Provost) on 24 April in Dundee in 1764. His children were, Isabel, Lillias, James, Catherine and Agnes.He died on 23 August 1808 . His son, James, is described (in Fasti Ecclesiae) as "a manufacturer in Dundee, whose failure in business ruined his father".

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See also

Church of Scotland titles
Preceded by
John Walker
Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
1791
Succeeded by
Andrew Hunter
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