Romulus of Fiesole
| Saint Romulus of Fiesole | |
|---|---|
|
Saint Romulus, Cathedral of Fiesole. | |
| Died | ~90 AD |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Major shrine | Fiesole Cathedral |
| Feast | July 6 |
| Attributes | depicted with a wolf due to confusion with the legend of Romulus and Remus;[1] bishop with an arrow broken above his breast; depicted at martyrdom of 4 companions or enthroned among four martyrs[2] |
| Patronage | Fiesole |
Saint Romulus of Fiesole (Italian: San Romolo) is venerated as the patron saint of Fiesole, Italy. Romulus was probably a local deacon, priest, or bishop of the 1st century.[1]
According to tradition, he was a disciple of Saint Peter and had been converted to Christianity by the apostle.[2] This tradition states that Romulus became the first bishop of Fiesole and was martyred during the reign of Domitian along with four companions: Carissimus, Dulcissimus, Marchis(i)anus, and Crescentius.[2]
He was not named as a bishop or martyr in documents dating from 966; however, a document from 1028 names him as such.[1] From then on, Romulus was considered a martyred bishop of Fiesole, and his companions were named as Carissimus, Dulcissimus, Marchis(i)anus (Marchiziano), and Crescentius.[1] Their feast day was listed as July 6 in the 1468 Florentine edition of the Martyrology of Usuard, and in the 16th century, his name began to appear in the Roman Martyrology, where he was named as a disciple of Saint Peter.[1]
As Antonio Borrelli remarks, sometime between the end of the 10th century and the beginning of the eleventh, Romulus was “upgraded” from being considered a Confessor of the Faith to a martyr, possibly by a local abbot named Teuzo.[1]
An 11th-century legend associated with him, considered “worthless”,[2] makes him an illegitimate son of a woman named Lucerna, who had a child with her father’s slave, who was named Cyrus.[2] Like the Romulus of ancient Roman legend, this Romulus was also abandoned, suckled by a wolf, and captured and raised and baptized by Saint Peter and Peter's companion Justin.[2] Romulus then evangelized much of central Italy and was put to death by the governor Repertian.[2]
The most ancient image depicting Romulus is the 1440 polyptych in Fiesole Cathedral, where he is represented with Saints Alexander, Peter and Donatus.[2]
References
External links
- (Italian) San Romolo di Fiesole
- (Italian) Cattedrale di San Romolo