Kh-35

Kh-35
(NATO reporting name: AS-20 'Kayak')
3M24 Uran (SS-N-25 'Switchblade')
3K60 Bal (SSC-6 'Sennight')

Kh-35E in MAKS-2009
Type air-to-surface, surface-to-surface missile
Place of origin Soviet Union
Service history
In service 2003
Used by Russian Navy
Indian Navy
Wars no evidence of combat use as of now
Production history
Designer Zvezda
Designed 1983-2003
Manufacturer Tactical Missiles Corporation
Unit cost $500 000 (2010)[1]
Produced 1996 for export, 2003 for Russia
Specifications
Weight 520 kg (1,150 lb)[2]
610 kg (1,340 lb)[2] (heli version)
Length 385 cm (152 in)[2]
440 cm (173 in)[2] (heli version)
Diameter 42.0 cm (16.5 in)[2]
Warhead HE shaped charge
Warhead weight 145 kg (320 lb)[2]
Engine turbofan
450 kgf
Wingspan 133 cm (52.4 in)[2]
Propellant kerosene
Operational
range
 130 km (70 nmi) (300 km[3] 2015)
Flight altitude 10-15 m en route and about 4 m at terminal area
Speed Mach 0.8
Guidance
system
 inertial guidance and ARGS-35E X band terminal active radar homing[4]
Launch
platform
 Su-24, MiG-29M, MiG-29K, Su-27SM, Su-30MKI, Su-34, HAL Tejas, Ka-27, Ka-28,[2] also ships boats , maybe fitted in submarine VLS or torpedo tube , there is coastal , AShM , LACM , TEL variants and is integrated also on club systems .
Bal - coastal mobile missile complex

The Zvezda Kh-35U ('Star', Russian: Х-35У, AS-20 'Kayak') is the jet-launched version of a Russian subsonic anti-ship missile. The same missile can also be launched from helicopters, surface ships and coastal defence batteries with the help of a rocket booster, in which case it is known as Uran ('Uranus', SS-N-25 'Switchblade', GRAU 3M24 ) or Bal ('Ball', SSC-6 'Sennight', GRAU 3K60). It is also nicknamed "Harpoonski", because it looks like and functions very similar to the American Harpoon Anti-Ship missile. It is designed to attack vessels up to 5000 tonnes.[2]

Development

Zvezda started work on the Kh-35 in 1983 by a decree of the USSR Council of Ministers and the USSR CPSU Central Committee to arm ships of medium tonnage.

Design

The Kh-35 missile is a subsonic weapon featuring a normal aerodynamic configuration with cruciform wings and fins[2] and a semisubmerged air duct intake. The propulsion unit is a turbofan engine.[2] The missile is guided to its target at the final leg of the trajectory by commands fed from the active radar homing head and the radio altimeter.[2]

Target designation data can be introduced into the missile from the launch aircraft or ship or external sources. Flight mission data is inserted into the missile control system after input of target coordinates. An inertial system controls the missile in flight, stabilizes it at an assigned altitude and brings it to a target location area. At a certain target range, the homing head is switched on to search for, lock on and track the target. The inertial control system then turns the missile toward the target and changes its flight altitude to an extremely low one. At this altitude, the missile continues the process of homing by the data fed from the homing head and the inertial control system until a hit is obtained.

The Kh-35 anti-ship missile can be employed in fair and adverse weather conditions at sea states up to 5-6, by day and night, under enemy fire and electronic countermeasures.

The Kh-35's aerodynamic configuration is optimized for high subsonic-speed sea-skimming flight to ensure stealthy characteristics of the missile. The missile has low signatures thanks to its small dimensions, sea-skimming capability and a special guidance algorithm ensuring highly secure operational modes of the active radar seeker.

Its ARGS-35E active radar seeker operates in both single-and-multiple missile launch modes, acquiring and locking on targets at a maximum range of up to 20 km.[5] A new radar seeker, Gran-KE have been developed by SPE Radar MMS[6] and will be replacing the existing ARGS-35E X band seeker.[7]

Operational history

The Kh-35 missile entered service in 2003. In July 2003, the system created by the "Tactical Missiles Corporation" successfully passed the state tests and began to come into service of ships of the Russian Navy. Today it is generally accepted that in the criterion of "cost-effectiveness", "Uran-E" is one of the best systems in the world.[8] It has also been acquired by India.[9] The Bal coastal missile system in the fall of 2004 showed excellent results in the state tests and entered service in 2008.[10]

Variants

Operators

Map with Kh-35 operators in blue

Current operators

Similar weapons

Notes and references

  1. ↑ annual report Tactical Missiles Corporation 2010.p. 92
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Rosoboronexport Air Force Department and Media & PR Service, AEROSPACE SYSTEMS export catalogue (PDF), Rosoboronexport State Corporation, p. 123
  3. ↑ "Новая ракета X-35: гроза американских эсминцев". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  4. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20120402214415/http://articles.janes.com:80/articles/Janes-Radar-and-Electronic-Warfare-Systems/ARGS-35E-Algeria.html. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved August 28, 2011. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ "Tactical Missiles Corporation JSC". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  6. ↑ http://www.radar-mms.com/catalog/args35/
  7. ↑ "Russia: JSC Tactical Missile Arms Presents New Target Seeker". Naval Today. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  8. ↑ ""Уран-Э": рождение конструкторского замысла". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  9. ↑ "Kh-37", Jane's Air-Launched Weapons, 2008-08-01
  10. ↑ "/". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  11. ↑ "Tactical Missiles Corporation JSC". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  12. ↑ "ТАСС: Армия и ОПК - "Тактическое ракетное вооружение" за три года запустило в серию 14 видов ракет". ТАСС. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  13. ↑ "Tactical Missiles Corporation JSC". Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  14. ↑ http://www.granit-electron.ru/products/mil/complex/uran/index.shtml
  15. 1 2 Annual report Tactical Missiles Corporation 2010.p. 92
  16. ↑ "Береговой ракетный комплекс "Бал" поступил на Тихоокеанский флот". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
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