107 Camilla

107 Camilla is one of the largest main-belt asteroids. It orbits within the Cybele Group, beyond most main-belt asteroids. It has a very dark surface and primitive carbonaceous composition. It was discovered by N. R. Pogson on November 17, 1868, and named after Camilla, Queen of the Volsci in Roman mythology.[1] 10µ radiometric data collected from Kitt Peak in 1975 gave a diameter estimate of 209 km.[2] Lightcurve analysis indicates that Camilla's pole most likely points towards ecliptic coordinates (β, λ) = (+51°, 72°) with a 10° uncertainty,[3] which gives it an axial tilt of 29°. Satellite (S/2001 (107) I) On 1 March 2001, a satellite of Camilla was found by A. Storrs, F. Vilas, R. Landis, E. Wells, C. Woods, B. Zellner, and M. Gaffey using the Hubble Space Telescope.[4] It has been designated S/2001 (107) 1 but has not yet received an official name. Later observations in September 2005 with the VLT allowed the determination of an orbit.[5] Apart from data in infobox, the inclination was found to be 3 ± 1° with respect to an axis pointing towards (β, λ) = (+55°, 75°).[5] Given the ~10° uncertainty in the actual rotational axis of Camilla, one can say that the orbit's inclination is less than 10°. The satellite is estimated to measure about 11 km in diameter.[6] Assuming a similar density to the primary, this would give it an approximate mass of ~1.5×10^15 kg. It has a similar colour to the primary.[4] S/2001 (107) 1 Discovery[4] Discovered by A. Storrs, F. Vilas, R. Landis, E. Wells, C. Woods, B. Zellner, and M. Gaffey Discovery date 1 March 2001 Designations Minor planet category Main belt (Cybele) Orbital characteristics[5] Semi-major axis 1235 ± 16 km Eccentricity 0.006 ± 0.002 Orbital period 3.710 ± 0.001 d Average orbital speed 24.2 m/s Inclination < 10° Satellite of 107 Camilla Physical characteristics Dimensions ~ 11 ± 2 km[6] Mass ~1.5×10^15 kg[7] Equatorial escape velocity ~ 6 m/s Absolute magnitude (H) 13.18[6]

107 Camilla A three-dimensional model of 107 Camilla based on its light curve. Discovery Discovered by Norman Robert Pogson Discovery date November 17, 1868 Designations Pronunciation /kəˈmɪlə/ kə-MIL-ə Alternative names A893 QA; 1938 OG; 1949 HD1 Minor planet category Outer Main belt (Cybele) Orbital characteristics[8] Epoch December 31, 2006 (JD 2454100.5) Aphelion 560.937 Gm (3.750 AU) Perihelion 479.343 Gm (3.204 AU) Semi-major axis 520.140 Gm (3.477 AU) Eccentricity 0.078 Orbital period 2368.050 d (6.48 a) Average orbital speed 15.95 km/s Mean anomaly 1.746° Inclination 10.048° Longitude of ascending node 173.132° Argument of perihelion 309.877° Physical characteristics Dimensions (344×246×205)±14 km[9] 285×205×170 ± 20 km[3][6][10][11] Mass 1.12×10^19 kg[9] 1.09±0.04×10^19 kg [5][12] Mean density 1.40±0.30 g/cm³[9] ~1.9 g/cm³ [5] Surface gravity ~0.036 m/s² Escape velocity 0.10 km/s Rotation period 0.2018 d (4.84393 h)[3] Albedo 0.0525[10] Temperature ~151 K max: 223 K (-52°C) Spectral type C[13] Apparent magnitude 11.53[14] to 13.93 Absolute magnitude (H) 7.08[10]

References

1. Lutz D. Schmadel, Dictionary of Minor Planets Names, p.25.
2. Morrison, D.; Chapman, C. R. (March 1976), "Radiometric diameters for an additional 22 asteroids", Astrophysical Journal 204, pp. 934–939, Bibcode:2008mgm..conf.2594S, doi:10.1142/9789812834300_0469.
3. J. Torppa, et al. (2003). "Shapes and rotational properties of thirty asteroids from photometric data" (PDF). Icarus 164 (2): 346. Bibcode:2003Icar..164..346T. doi:10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00146-5.
4. IAUC 7599
5. 107 Camilla and S/2001 (107) 1, F. Marchis
6. F. Marchis, et al. (2006). "Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey". Icarus 185 (1): 39–63. Bibcode:2006Icar..185...39M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.001. PMC 2600456. PMID 19081813.
7. Assuming a similar density to the primary.
8. Yeomans, Donald K., "107 Camilla", JPL Small-Body Database Browser (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory), retrieved 2013-03-25.
9. Jim Baer (2008). "Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations". Personal Website. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
10. Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey
11. Axis ratios (rounded to nearest 5 km) based on lightcurve analysis of Torppa et al. (2003), however taking IRAS mean diameter is inconsistent with the maximum value of the short axis obtained in Marchis et al. (2006). Hence, presumably IRAS measurements were taken of a large face. Therefore, anchoring absolute size by requiring the shortest axis to be no larger than the maximum allowed by Marchis et al. (2006).
12. Error estimate derived from consideration of $M \propto a^3/P^2$ and given errors in a and P. See propagation of uncertainty.
13. PDS spectral class data
14. "AstDys (107) Camilla Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Retrieved 2010-06-28.

External links

• Data on (87) Sylvia from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)
• Hubble Finds New Asteroid Moon (SpaceDaily.com, 21-03-2001), includes discovery image.
• 107 Camilla and S/2001 (107) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes orbit diagrams.
• 107 Camilla at the JPL Small-Body Database

• Discovery · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters