Eustochia Smeralda Calafato
| Eustochia Smeraldo Calafato | |
|---|---|
|
Portrait of Eustochia | |
| Hermitess of the Franciscan Order | |
| Born |
25 March 1434 Messina |
| Died |
20 January 1485 Messina |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholicism |
| Beatified | 14 September 1782 by Pope Pius VI |
| Canonized | 11 June 1998, Messina by Pope John Paul II |
| Major shrine | Monastero di Montevergine |
| Feast | 20 January (13 February among Traditional Roman Catholics; minor commemoration 22 August) |
| Attributes | Poor Clare nun holding a cross |
| Patronage | co-patron of Messina |
Eustochia Smeralda Calafato (Messina, March 25, 1434 – Messina, January 20, 1485) is a Franciscan Italian Saint belonging to the Order of the Poor Clares. She is co-patroness of Messina, which is also the centre of her cultus.
Biography
She was born in the village of Santissima Annuziata, near Messina, Italy (for which reason she is often known as St. Eustochia of Messina). Most of what is known about her comes from the biography written two years after her death by one of her fellow nuns, Suor Jacopa Pollicino, daughter of the Baron of Tortorici.[1] This biography, however, was only discovered in the 1940s.
St. Eustochia, born Smeralda Calafato, was the daughter of Bernardo Calafato, a rich merchant of Messina, and Mascalda Romano. While her mother was pregnant with her, Messina was stricken with the plague, and her parents fled the city for the small town of Santissima Annuziata, near Messina, where the child was born on 25 March 1434, the feast of the Annunciation, and in that year also Holy Thursday.
From an early age she was noted for her beauty, but against her parents' wishes, at the age of 15 she determined to take religious vows. She chose to enter the convent of Basicò, a house of Poor Clares.[2] It seems that her brothers threatened to burn down the convent if she persisted in her plan, but this did not deter her. She took the name Eustochia, and remained at Basicò for over 10 years. She became known among the sisters for her conspicuous devotion and austerities. She frequently kept vigils, fasted often, and employed corporal mortification.[3]
St. Eustochia was a great lover of that poverty which marked the Poor Clares, and feeling that Basicò did not adhere strictly enough to the rule in this regard. After discussions with the sisters and the abbess, and with the approval of Pope Callixtus III, in 1464 she decided to found a new convent which became known as Montevergine ("Mountain of the Virgin").[4] The building project was apparently completed through the funding of a wealthy relative. St. Eustochia was chosen abbess, and at the time of her death the convent was home to 50 sisters. She died on 20 January 1485, at the age of 50.
Veneration
St. Eustochia was beatified in 1782 by Pope Pius VI, and was canonized on June 11, 1988 by Pope John Paul II.[5]
Her incorrupt body rests in the Sanctuary of Montevergine in Messina, an ancient monastery founded by her around in 1459. In the past centuries, as she is the co-patron of Messina, every August 22 her body was exposed to the veneration of the people and, with a solemn celebration, the Municipality of Messina offers to her a gift. This is an ancient tradition that has survived to the present day, while the body can be visited twice a week. Her feast was traditionally kept by Franciscans on 13 February, though it was removed from the general Franciscan calendar in the post-conciliar reforms. Her feast is kept in Messina on the date of her death, 20 January.
Art
- It is thought that St. Eustochia was the model for Antonello da Messina's depiction of the Virgin of the Annunciation.
References
- ↑ Archivio Storico Messinese - Anno III - 1903 at page 52.
- ↑ Breviarium Romano-Seraphicum ad Usum Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum, Pars Hiemalis, 1955, Rome, pg. 973.
- ↑ ibid.
- ↑ ibid.
- ↑ "Eustochia Calafato". Patron Saints Index. Retrieved 2007-12-12.
External links
- Detailed History (Italian)
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