Sam Caldwell

Samuel Shepherd Caldwell
Mayor of Shreveport, Louisiana, Caddo Parish Louisiana, USA
In office 1934–1946
Preceded by	George W. Hardy, Jr.
Succeeded by	Clyde Fant
Personal details
Born	November 4, 1999 Mooringsport, Caddo Parish Louisiana, USA
Died	August 14, 1953 (aged 60) Shreveport, Louisiana
Nationality	American
Political party	Democratic Party
Spouse(s)	Anna Pauline Owen Caldwell (married 1914-1953, his death)
Children	Betty Ann Caldwell Morgan Burke
Residence	Shreveport, Louisiana
Alma mater	Louisiana Tech University
Occupation	Oilman
Religion	Presbyterian Church in the United States of America

Samuel Shepherd Caldwell, known as Sam Caldwell (November 4, 1892 – August 14, 1953), was an oilman who served as the Democratic mayor of Shreveport, Louisiana, from 1934 to 1946.

Background

The son of Samuel A. Caldwell and the former Alice Jeter, Caldwell was born and educated in Mooringsport in Caddo Parish.^[1] He then attended Louisiana Tech University in Ruston. For nine years he was employed by the Kansas City Southern Railway in the accounting and auditing departments. He worked seven years for Shell Oil Company, part of that tenure as the assistant superintendent of the land department. He was thereafter an independent oil operator affiliated with the Louisiana-Arkansas division of the then Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association.^[2]

Political life

From 1932 to 1934, Caldwell served on the Caddo Parish Commission, then known as the police jury, the parish governing body akin to county commissions in other states.^[1] He was elected to four-year terms as mayor in 1934, 1938, and 1942. In this capacity, he worked to merge the municipal and parish boards of health into one entity and oversaw the stocking of Cross Lake, the city's water supply.^[3][4]

In the Caldwell administration, the city obtained the former United Service Organization center in Princess Park, which later housed the Shreveport Regional Arts Council until it was destroyed by arson. Caldwell set the eight-hour day for city fire and police personnel and lobbied for frequent pay increases for these employees. He worked to obtain $2 million in funding for the city's first low-income housing and established public dental, prenatal, and maternity clinics without increasing taxes to do so. Caldwell was responsible for the municipal acquisition of Querbes Park and established Ford Park, named for former mayor and commissioner John McWilliams Ford.^[5]

When he declined to seek a fourth term in office, Caldwell said that he had "tried sincerely to be a good mayor. I will be just as interested and solicitous of the welfare of the city ... as a private citizen as I have been as mayor."^[5]

Gubernatorial race

In 1944, Caldwell campaigned unsuccessfully for governor against former Shreveport Public Safety Commissioner (a position since abolished) Jimmie Davis. His choice for lieutenant governor was State Senator Frank B. Ellis of St. Tammany Parish,^[6] who a decade later waged an unsuccessful challenge to U.S. Senator Allen J. Ellender. Caldwell received just under thirty thousand votes in the gubernatorial primary. Leander Perez, boss of the Louisiana Delta from Plaquemines Parish, endorsed for governor "either" Caldwell or Lewis L. Morgan of Covington in St. Tammany Parish. At the time, Perez had a personal dislike for Davis and outgoing Governor Sam H. Jones of Lake Charles, who covertly favored Davis. Morgan was the gubernatorial running mate of former Governor Earl Kemp Long, who was seeking the office of lieutenant governor that year. Others who sought the governorship in 1944 were State Senator Dudley J. LeBlanc of Abbeville in Vermillion Parish and U.S. Representative James H. Morrison of Louisiana's 6th congressional district, a resident of Hammond, names widely known across the state at that time. Davis led the balloting and then defeated Morgan in the runoff election.^[7]

In effect, Davis and Caldwell had been city council members elected at-large in the early 1940s, when Shreveport operated under the city commission government, changed in 1978 to the mayor-council format.^[3] Caldwell had urged that the city switch from the city commission to the mayor-council format, a move not undertaken until 1978, long after his death.^[5] After he dispatched Morgan on the theme of "Peace and Harmony," Davis was unopposed in the general election, as was then the political custom in Louisiana. After a twelve-year hiatus, Davis returned to serve a second gubernatorial term from 1960 to 1964.^[7]

In the campaign, Caldwell argued for state assistance to returning veterans from World War II. He also stressed his support for states rights through the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.^[2]

For further reference, see Jerry Purvis Sanson, "Sam Caldwell's Gubernatorial Campaigns" in North Louisiana History (1987).^[8]

Family

In 1914, Caldwell married the former Anna Pauline "Polly" Owen (1894-1966), originally from Delhi in Richland Parish. She was an avid gardener and like her husband an advocate for veterans' issues.^[2]

The couple had one child, Betty Ann Caldwell Morgan Burke (1923-2015), whose first husband, John Morgan, died in 1959. She then wed the late Milton Pope Burke. Betty's daughter and the mayor's granddaughter,^[9] Polly Morgan Decker Griffith (1951-1992), suffered from a mental illness for which experimental drugs were unavailable because they had not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration.^[10] The Caldwells were members of the First Presbyterian Church and the Masonic lodge.^[2][3]

Caldwell died in Shreveport of an unspecified lung ailment at the age of sixty, almost five months after he had been treated at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He is interred along with other family members at the Masonic Rest Section of Greenwood Cemetery in Shreveport.^[1][5]

References

1. "Index to Politicians: Caldwell". politicalgraveyard.com. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
2. John Andrew Prime. "Anna Pauline Owen Caldwell: Late Mayor's Widow Dies; Rites Today". findagrave.com. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
3. "Caldwell, Samuel S.". Louisiana Historical Association, A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography (lahistory.com). Retrieved December 20, 2010.
4. Lilla McLure and J. Ed Howe, History of Shreveport and Shreveport Builders (1937)
5. John Andrew Prime (July 26, 2015). "Our History: Former mayor’s impact recalled". The Shreveport Times. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
6. Minden Herald, January 14, 1944, p. 5
7. Glen Jeansonne, Leander Perez: Boss of the Delta. Baton Rouge, Louisiana:Louisiana State University Press, 1975; Lafayette, Louisiana:University of Louisiana at Lafayette Press, 1997. ISBN 1-57806-917-3. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
8. Jerry Purvis Sanson, "Sam Caldwell's Gubernatorial Campaigns," North Louisiana History, Vol. 18, Nos. 2-3 (Spring-Summer 1987), pp. 83-91
9. "Betty Ann Caldwell Morgan Burke (Sam Caldwell's daughter)". The Shreveport Times on findagrave.com. July 20, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
10. "Polly Decker Morgan Griffith (Sam Caldwell's granddaughter)". findagrave.com. Retrieved July 27, 2015.