Santi Bonifacio ed Alessio
Coordinates: 41°53′01.13″N 12°28′43.85″E / 41.8836472°N 12.4788472°E
The Basilica dei Santi Bonifacio e(d) Alessio is a basilica, rectory church served by the Somaschans, and titular church for a cardinal-priest on the Aventine Hill in the third Prefecture of central Rome, Italy.
It is dedicated to Saint Boniface of Tarsus and (originally only) Saint Alexius. It lies on Piazza Sant’Alessio 23, near the historical gardens of St. Alexius and Via di santa Sabina.
Basilica
Founded between the 3rd and 4th centuries, it was restored in 1216 by Pope Honorius III (some columns of his building survive in the present building's eastern apse), in 1582, in the 1750s by Tommaso De Marchis (his main altar survives), and between 1852 and 1860 by the Somaschi, which congregation still serves it as a rectory church. The 16th century style facade, elaborated from the De Marchis phase, is built onto the medieval-style quadriportico.
The church has a Romanesque campanile. On the south side of the nave is the funerary monument Eleonora Boncompagni Borghese of 1693, to a design of Giovan Contini Batiste, and in the south transept the Chapel of Charles IV of Spain, with the Icon Madonna di Sant'Alessio. It is an Edessa icon of the Intercession of the Madonna, the Heavenly Mediatress (Madonna dell'Intercessione) dating from the 12-13th centuries, thought to have been painted by St Luke the Evangelist and brought from the East by St Alexius. The church also contains the tombstone of Peter Savelli (of the same family as pope Honorius III).
A Romanesque crypt survives below the church, whose main altar contains relics of St Thomas of Canterbury. It has a 12th-century wall of frescoes of the Agnus Dei and symbols of the Four Evangelists, along with one in the north aisle of St Gerolamo Emiliani introducing orphans to the Virgin by Jean Francois De Troy, and at the end of the aisle The Holy Steps and the titular church of Saint Alexius in wood and stucco by Andrea Bergondi.
Connected to the basilica are the buildings of the former monastery, which now belong to the Italian state.
Burials
Cardinal title
The basilica has been a titular church for Cardinal-priests (the second order) from 1587, originally called Sant'Alessio.
In the 19th century, the former dedication of the basilica was renewed, and from that time on the official name of the basilica and the cardinal titulus are Santi Bonifacio e(d) Alessio.
Cardinal-protectors
(all Roman Rite, Cardinal-Priests and Italian unless otherwise mentioned)
- Giovanni Vincenzo Gonzaga (1587–1591)
- Ottavio Paravicini (1592–1611)
- Metello Bichi (1611–1619)
- Roberto Ubaldini (1621–1629)
- Giovanni Francesco Guidi di Bagno (1629–1641)
- Mario Theodoli (1641–1649)
- Luigi Omodei (1652–1676)
- vacant (1676–1681)
- Federico Visconti (1681–1693)
- Taddeo Luigi del Verme (1696–1717)
- Gilberto Borromeo (1717–1740)
- Gaetano Stampa (1740–1742)
- vacant (1742–1753)
- Antonio Andrea Galli (1753–1757)
- Giuseppe Maria Castelli (1759–1780)
- Paolo Francesco Antamori (1781–1795)
- vacant (1795–1801)
- Giovanni Filippo Gallarati Scotti (1801–1814)
- Emmanuele de Gregorio (1816–1829); in commendam (1829–1839)
- vacant (1839–1843)
- Francesco di Paola Villadecani (1843–1861)
- (French) Alexis Billiet (1862–1873)
- (Austrian) Johannes Baptist Franzelin, Jesuit (S.J.) (1876–1886)
- Giuseppe d' Annibale (1889–1892)
- Angelo Di Pietro (1893–1903)
- (Spanish) Sebastián Herrero Espinosa de los Monteros, Oratory of Saint Philip Neri (C.O.) (1903)
- (Brazilian) Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti (1905–1930)
- (Brazilian) Sebastião Leme da Silveira Cintra (1933–1942)
- (Brazilian) Jaime de Barros Câmara (1946–1971)
- (Brazilian) Avelar Brandão Vilela (1973–1986)
- (Brazilian) Lucas Moreira Neves, Dominican Order (O.P.) (1988–1998); in commendam (1998–2002)
- (Brazilian) Eusébio Oscar Scheid, Dehonian (S.C.J.) (2003–)
Sources and External links
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