Sanya Dharmasakti

Professor Sanya Dharmasakt MPCh MWM PC NR PrC
สัญญา ธรรมศักดิ์


President of the Privy Council of Thailand
In office 5 December 1975 – 4 September 1998
Preceded by	Det Sanitwong
Succeeded by	Prem Tinsulanonda
12th Prime Minister of Thailand
In office 14 October 1973 – 26 February 1975
Monarch	Bhumibol Adulyadej
Preceded by	Thanom Kittikachorn
Succeeded by	Seni Pramoj
Personal details
Born	(1907-04-05)5 April 1907 Bangkok Yai, Thonburi, Siam
Died	6 January 2002(2002-01-06) (aged 94) Phaya Thai, Bangkok, Thailand
Nationality	Thai
Spouse(s)	Pa-nga Dharmasakti (1912-2001)
Profession	Lawyer
Religion	Theravada Buddhism
Signature

Sanya Dharmasakti (Thai: สัญญา ธรรมศักดิ์, rtgs: Sanya Thammasak, pronunciation: [sǎn.jaː tʰam.má.sàk], 5 April 1907 – 6 January 2002) was a Thai jurist, university professor and politician. He served as the 12th Prime Minister of Thailand from 1973 to 1975.

Sanya Dharmasakti was one of the most influential figures in the politics of Thailand. He served as the president of the Supreme Court (1968-1973) and was dean of the faculty of law and chancellor of Thammasat University during the democracy movement of October 1973. When the "Three Tyrants" fled leaving the country leaderless, Sanya was appointed Prime Minister by Royal Command (establishing a precedent exercised only three times since for appointment of Prime Ministers.) Sanya served a second consecutive term by a House Resolution for a combined total of 1 year, 124 days, during which he ordered the withdrawal of American forces in what was called Operation Palace Lightning. Sanya appointed a drafting committee for the 1974 constitution, served as vice president of the constitutional congress, and was requested by his Majesty to serve as the president of the Privy Council.

Family background

Sanya Dharmasakti was born on Friday 5 April 1907 in Thonburi province, in central Thailand. His father was the high ranking buddhist scholar Mahamtree and abbot, Dhammasarnvetvisetpakdee Srisattayawatta Phiriyapaha or Thongdee Dharmasakti. His mother was Shuen Dharmmasarnvet. Sanya married Pa-nga Dharmasakti, also known as Phenchart who died in 2001. They had two sons, named Chartsak and Jakatham. Sanya Dharmasakti died at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok on 6 January 2002.

Education

Sanya Dharmasakti went to Assumption College in 1914 and finished high school while majoring in English in 1925. He went to the law school of the Ministry of Justice for three years, graduating in 1928. He got the highest score and received the Rapheeboonnithi scholarship. This scholarship allowed him to study law in England at the Middle Temple for three years. He was called to the English Bar in 1932.

Palace Lightning

Palace Lightning was the name given the plan by which the USAF withdrew its aircraft and personnel from Thailand. After the fall of the American-supported governments in both Phnom Penh and Saigon in the spring of 1975, the political climate between Washington and the government of Judge Sanya soured, and U.S. military forces were ordered to withdraw by the end of the year.^[1] Strategic Air Command units left in December 1975;^[2] U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield, however, remained under American control until formally handed to the Thai government on 13 June 1976.^[3]

Royal decorations

Sanya received the following royal decorations in the Honours System of Thailand:

1940 - Commander (Third Class) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
1941 - Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant
1948 - Knight Commander (Second Class) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
1950 - Chakrabarti Mala Medal
1954 - King Rama IX Royal Cypher Medal, 3rd Class
1954 - Knight Grand Cross (First Class) of the Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
1956 - Knight Grand Cross (First Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant
1957 - Knight Commander (Second Class, lower grade) of The Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao
1959 - Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
1961 - Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant
1962 - Knight Grand Commander (Second Class, higher grade) of the Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao
1968 - Knight Grand Cross (First Class) of The Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao
1969 - Dushdi Mala - Civilian
1971 - King Rama IX Royal Cypher Medal, 1st Class
1996 - Knight of The Ancient and Auspicious Order of the Nine Gems

Political offices
Preceded by Thanom Kittikachorn	Prime Minister of Thailand 1973-1975	Succeeded by Seni Pramoj
Preceded by Det Sanitwong	President of the Privy Council of Thailand 1975-1998	Succeeded by Prem Tinsulanonda

Prime Ministers of Thailand (List)

	King Rama VII	Phraya Manopakorn Nititada Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena

	King Rama VIII	Plaek Phibunsongkhram Khuang Aphaiwong Tawee Boonyaket Seni Pramoj Khuang Aphaiwong Pridi Banomyong

	King Rama IX	Thawan Thamrongnawasawat Khuang Aphaiwong Plaek Phibunsongkhram Pote Sarasin Thanom Kittikachorn Sarit Thanarat Thanom Kittikachorn Sanya Dharmasakti Seni Pramoj Kukrit Pramoj Seni Pramoj Thanin Kraivichien Kriangsak Chomanan Prem Tinsulanonda Chatichai Choonhavan Anand Panyarachun Suchinda Kraprayoon Meechai Ruchuphan† Anand Panyarachun Chuan Leekpai Banharn Silpa-archa Chavalit Yongchaiyudh Chuan Leekpai Thaksin Shinawatra Chitchai Wannasathit† Thaksin Shinawatra Surayud Chulanont Samak Sundaravej Somchai Wongsawat Chaovarat Chanweerakul† Abhisit Vejjajiva Yingluck Shinawatra Niwatthamrong Boonsongpaisan† Prayut Chan-o-cha

"italics" indicate military officeholders "†" indicate acting or caretaker officeholders.

History of Thailand since 1973

Politics	Military and institutions	Key events

Prime Ministers of Thailand Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn Sanya Dharmasakti Seni Pramoj Kukrit Pramoj Thanin Kraivichien General Kriangsak Chomanan General Prem Tinsulanonda General Chatichai Choonhavan Anand Panyarachun Suchinda Kraprayoon Chuan Leekpai Banharn Silpa-archa Chavalit Yongchaiyudh Thaksin Shinawatra General Surayud Chulanont Samak Sundaravej Somchai Wongsawat Abhisit Vejjajiva Yingluck Shinawatra General Prayut Chan-o-cha	Military dictators Field Marshal Praphas Charusathien Colonel Narong Kittikachorn General Arthit Kamlang-ek General Sunthorn Kongsompong General Sonthi Boonyaratglin Institutions Constitution of Thailand Monarchy of Thailand King Bhumibol Adulyadej National Council for Peace and Order	Key events History of Thailand (1932–1973) 6 October 1976 Massacre 1976 Thai coup d'état March 1977 Thai coup d'état October 1977 Thai coup d'état Vietnamese border raids in Thailand 1981 Thai military rebellion 1985 Thai coup d'état 1991 Thai coup d'état National Peace Keeping Council Black May (1992) 1997 Asian financial crisis Premiership of Thaksin Shinawatra Policies of the Shinawatra administration South Thailand insurgency 2005–2006 Thai political crisis 2006 Thai coup d'état 2008–2010 Thai political crisis 2010 Thai political protests 2013–14 Thai political crisis 2014 Thai coup d'état

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 119775220 LCCN: n88174524 ISNI: 0000 0000 8348 7942 SUDOC: 079872654

References

↑ "U.S. to begin pullout of troops from Thailand". Miami News. May 5, 1975. p. 2A.
↑ "Many Thais saddened by U.S. military withdrawals". Nashua Telegraph. UPI. December 3, 1975. p. 42.
↑ Dawson, Alan (June 21, 1976). "U.S. out of Thailand". Beaver County Times (Beaver, Pennsylvania). UPI. p. A3.

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