Senate House (University of Cambridge)

Senate House
The Senate House viewed from the Great St Mary's tower.
General information
Type	Academic
Architectural style	Neoclassical
Location	King's Parade, Cambridge
Construction started	1722
Completed	1730
Owner	University of Cambridge
Design and construction
Architect	James Gibbs

The Senate House of the University of Cambridge is now used mainly for degree ceremonies. It was formerly also used for meetings of the Council of the Senate.

Location and construction

The building, which is situated in the centre of the city between King's and Gonville and Caius Colleges, was designed by architect James Gibbs, based to an unclear extent on designs by the gentleman-architect Sir James Burrough,^[1] and built in 1722–1730 by Gibbs in a neo-classical style using Portland stone.^[2] The ceremony to lay the first stone was performed by Thomas Crosse, then Vice-Chancellor, on June 22, 1722.^[3] The site was previously used for houses, which were purchased by an Act of Parliament, dated June 11, 1720. It was officially opened in July 1730, although the western end was not completed until 1768.

The Senate House was originally intended to be one side of a quadrangle, however the rest of the structure was never completed.^[4] It forms part of the Old Schools Site. It is a Grade I listed building. ^[5]

History and usage

The Senate House is now mainly used for the degree ceremonies of the University of Cambridge. It was also formerly used for meetings of the University's Council of the Senate.

Graduation ceremony

Graduands enter the Senate House at a graduation ceremony

Lord Eatwell, in academic dress, leaving the Senate House

Graduates receiving an undergraduate degree wear the academic dress that they were entitled to before graduating: for example, most students becoming Bachelors of Arts wear undergraduate gowns and not BA gowns. Graduates are presented in the Senate House college by college, in order of foundation or recognition by the university, except for the royal colleges.

The 31 colleges process to the Senate House in the following order: ^[6]

1.	King's		8.	Trinity Hall		16.	Sidney Sussex		24.	Darwin
2.	Trinity		9.	Corpus Christi		17.	Downing		25.	Wolfson
3.	St John's		10.	Queens'		18.	Girton		26.	Clare Hall
			11.	St Catharine's		19.	Newnham		27.	Robinson
4.	Peterhouse		12.	Jesus		20.	Selwyn		28.	Lucy Cavendish
5.	Clare		13.	Christ's		21.	Fitzwilliam		29.	St Edmund's
6.	Pembroke		14.	Magdalene		22.	Churchill		30.	Hughes Hall
7.	Gonville & Caius		15.	Emmanuel		23.	Murray Edwards		31.	Homerton

During the congregation, graduands are brought forth by the Praelector of their college, who takes them by the right hand, and presents them to the vice-chancellor for the degree they are about to take. The Praelector presents graduands with the following Latin statement, substituting "____" with the name of the degree:

"Dignissima domina, Domina Procancellaria et tota Academia praesento vobis hunc virum quem scio tam moribus quam doctrina esse idoneum ad gradum assequendum _____; idque tibi fide mea praesto totique Academiae.

(Most worthy Vice-Chancellor and the whole University, I present to you this man whom I know to be suitable as much by character as by learning to proceed to the degree of ____; for which I pledge my faith to you and to the whole University.)"

and female graduands with the following:

"Dignissima domina, Domina Procancellaria et tota Academia praesento vobis hanc mulierem quam scio tam moribus quam doctrina esse idoneam ad gradum assequendum ____; idque tibi fide mea praesto totique Academiae.

(Most worthy Vice-Chancellor and the whole University, I present to you this woman whom I know to be suitable as much by character as by learning to proceed to the degree of ____; for which I pledge my faith to you and to the whole University.)"

After presentation, the graduand is called by name and kneels before the vice-chancellor and proffers their hands to the vice-chancellor, who clasps them and then confers the degree through the following Latin statement—the Trinitarian formula (in nomine Patris...) may be omitted at the request of the graduand:

"Auctoritate mihi commissa admitto te ad gradum ____, in nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.

(By the authority committed to me, I admit you to the degree of ____, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.)"

The now-graduate then rises, bows and leaves the Senate House through the Doctor's door, where he or she receives his or her certificate, into Senate House passage.

At the University of Cambridge, each graduation is a separate act of the university's governing body, the Regent House, and must be voted on as with any other act. A formal meeting of the Regent House, known as a Congregation, is held for this purpose.^[7]

University's 800th Anniversary

Light show on the Senate House, for the 800th anniversary of the foundation of the university.

As part of the University's 800th anniversary celebrations in 2008, the side of the Senate House was illuminated with a light show, illustrating aspects of the history of the university.^[8]

2010 Student Protests

The Senate House was occupied for 11 days in November 2010 by a group of around 200 university students, Cambridge residents and sixth-form students as part of the wider student protests across the UK in opposition to the planned spending cuts to further education and increase in tuition fees introduced by the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government in England.^[9]

Traditions and legends

Class lists for Part III of the Mathematical Tripos, June 2005

Maths tripos results

At the end of the academic year, class-lists for most degrees are posted up on the outer wall of the building. The results of Part II and Part III of the Mathematical Tripos, however, are read out to the waiting students from the balcony of the Senate House, after which piles of class-lists are thrown to the ground like confetti in a time-honoured manner.

Austin Seven

A battered Austin Seven van was found on the apex of the Senate House roof on the morning of 8 June 1958. The van had been placed there the night before by a party of engineering students from Gonville & Caius College. They found the derelict Austin Seven in Harston and towed it into Cambridge. They removed the engine and rear axle to make it light enough to winch up to the roof, and hauled it up using cables and scaffolding they'd stolen from King's College. It took the University a week to get the van down and the prank received lots of media attention at the time. ^[10][11]

References

1. Howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600 - 1850, 3rd ed. 1995, s.v. "Burrough, Sir James".
2. John Britton; Edward Wedlake Brayley; Joseph Nightingale; James Norris Brewer, John Evans, John Hodgson, Francis Charles Laird, Frederic Shoberl, John Bigland, Thomas Rees, Thomas Hood, John Harris (1809). The Beauties of England and Wales, or, Delineations, topographical, historical, and descriptive, of each county. Printed by Thomas Maiden, for Vernor and Hood [and 6 others]. p. 97. Retrieved April 7, 2011. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
3. Cooper, Charles Henry (1866) "Memorials of Cambridge (Volume 3)", Cambridge: Wm Metcalfe.
4. "Images of Senate House, Cambridge, by James Gibbs". Bluffton.edu. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
5. "Name: THE SENATE HOUSE List entry Number: 1322818". Historic England. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
6. "Statutes and Ordinances 2011: Admission to Degrees" (PDF). University of Cambridge. 21 May 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
7. "Graduation: The Ceremony". University of Cambridge. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
8. "Bells sound around the world as light show launches 800th Anniversary". Admin.cam.ac.uk. January 16, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
9. "Students take control of Old Schools". Varsity Publications. 26 November 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
10. Nigel Balchin; Peter Davy. "A van that went up in the world". Archived from the original on August 11, 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
11. Patrick Sawer, Cambridge University's 1958 car on roof prank secrets revealed, The Daily Telegraph, June 28, 2008.

External links

Coordinates: 52°12′20″N 0°07′03″E / 52.205586°N 0.117378°E