Serb Muslims

The term Serb Muslims has several uses:

Islamization of Serbs

Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire born into a Serbian family.

Historical evidence show that most Muslims of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose ancestors had converted to Islam during the Ottoman period, are of Serb origin.[2] Bosnian-born Serbian historian Salih Selimović (born 1944) claims that the majority of Bosniaks in the Balkans are of Serb origin, and ancestors were most oftenly of the Orthodox faith; Islamization began in the 15th century and took massive effect in the 16th and 17th centuries.[3] The most notable Ottoman Bosnian, the Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, was Serb.[2]

Serb Muslims in Yugoslavia

Meša Selimović, Bosnian writer declared himself as Serb Muslim.

First Yugoslavia

Gajret (known as Serbian Muslim Cultural Society after 1929) was a cultural society established in 1903 that promoted Serbian identity among the Slavic Muslims of Austria-Hungary (Bosnia and Herzegovina).[4] The organization viewed that the Muslims were Serbs lacking ethnic consciousness.[5] The view that Muslims were Serbs is probably the oldest of three ethnic theories among the Bosnian Muslims themselves.[6] It was dismantled the Independent State of Croatia during World War II.

During World War II in Yugoslavia, few Bosnian Muslims joined the Chetniks. These espoused a Serb ethnic identity. The most notable of these was Ismet Popovac, who commanded the Muslim People's Military Organization (Muslimanska nacionalna vojna organizacija).

Second Yugoslavia

In the 1948 census, Bosnian Muslims were allowed to declare as "Serb-Muslims", "Croat-Muslims" or "Undetermined" Muslims.[7] Most of the Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina identified as Serb Muslims, and some as Croat Muslims.[8] The Bosnian Muslim intelligentsia predominantly declared as Serbs.[2] In the 1960s, the distinct ethnic identity concept of Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks) was created by the Yugoslav government; the Yugoslav Muslims had earlier identified as Croat or Serb Muslims.[9]

Some prominent Bosnian Muslims openly declared as Serbs, such as writer Meša Selimović.[2]

Yugoslav Wars

During early talks of the partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ejup Ganić remarked that the Bosniaks "are Islamized Serbs", and should thus join the Serb side, at a time when the SDA shifted in favour of siding with the Serbs and continuing struggling against the Croats.[10] Political analyst Jochen Hippler noted in 1994 that "Muslims are mostly ethnically Serb, a minority Croat, but this did not save them from being slaughtered by their fellow ethnic groups for being different."[11]

Serb nationalists usually insisted that Bosnian Muslims were Serbs that had abandoned their faith.[12]

Censuses

Serbian censuses

In the 1953 census in Serbia, of those who declared as ethnic Serbs, 0.4% declared Islam as their religion.[13] In the 2011 census, that percentage was 0.04%.[14]

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jørgen Schøler Nielsen; Samim Akgönül; Ahmet Alibašić; Brigitte Maréchal, Christian Moe (2009). Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. BRILL. pp. 213–. ISBN 90-04-17505-9. and it is mainly frequented by Serb Muslims from Sandjak. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
  2. 1 2 3 4 Trbovich 2008, p. 100.
  3. ↑ "Селимовић: Муслимани не могу побјећи од свог српског поријекла". Srbija danas. 13 March 2015.
  4. ↑ Allworth 1994, p. 125.
  5. ↑ Allworth 1994, p. 126.
  6. ↑ Allworth 1994, p. 116.
  7. ↑ Francine Friedman (1996). The Bosnian Muslims: denial of a nation. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-2097-7. Promoting that policy, in the 1948 census the Bosnian Muslims were permitted to declare themselves as Serb- Muslims, Croat- Muslims, or nationally "undetermined" Muslims, revealing the stance of Communist leaders that held that Muslims ...
  8. ↑ Raju G.C Thomas (23 June 2014). The South Slav Conflict: History, Religion, Ethnicity, and Nationalism. Taylor & Francis. pp. 29–. ISBN 978-1-135-59717-7. Before President Tito in the mid-1960s gave official sanction to the identification of a new ethnic group called "Muslims" in Bosnia, Muslims identified themselves mainly as Serb Muslims and some as Croat Muslims.
  9. ↑ Martha L. Cottam; Elena Mastors; Thomas Preston; Beth Dietz (14 August 2015). Introduction to Political Psychology: 3rd Edition. Routledge. pp. 268–. ISBN 978-1-317-37165-6. In fact, the state created the concept of Bosnian Muslims as a distinct ethnic identity in the 1960s, which was more preferable to the Muslims than their previous identities as Croat or Serb Muslims (Thomas, 1996). Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
  10. ↑ Steven L. Burg; Paul S. Shoup (4 March 2015). Ethnic Conflict and International Intervention: Crisis in Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1990-93: Crisis in Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1990-93. Taylor & Francis. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-317-47101-1.
  11. ↑ Jochen Hippler (1 April 1994). Pax Americana?: hegemony or decline. Pluto Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-7453-0695-7.
  12. ↑ Emran Qureshi; Michael A. Sells (5 November 2003). The New Crusades: Constructing the Muslim Enemy. Columbia University Press. pp. 323–. ISBN 978-0-231-50156-9.
  13. ↑ Government of Serbia 2014, p. 193.
  14. ↑ Government of Serbia 2014, p. 194.

Sources

Further reading

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