Shen ring

Horus, (Louvre Museum), 'Shen rings' in his grasp.

A shen ring is a circle with a line at a tangent to it, which was represented in hieroglyphs as a stylised loop of a rope. The word shen itself means, in ancient Egyptian, encircle, while the shen ring represented eternal protection. In its elongated form the shen ring became the cartouche which enclosed and protected a royal name.^[1]

The Shen ring is most often seen carried by the falcon god Horus, but was also carried by the vulture goddess Nekhbet. It was used as early as the third dynasty where it can be seen in the reliefs from Djoser's Step Pyramid complex.^[2]

The stretched "shen ring", the cartouche

Shen ring –(in talons) Cartouche in hieroglyphs

The symbol could be stretched to contain other objects, which were then understood as being eternally protected by the shen ring. When it contained the name of the pharaoh the symbol became the cartouche. The word shen itself means, in Egyptian, encircle.

Shen ring uses in iconography

The Shen ring is the 'shenu'.

Kom Ombo, Goddess Nekhbet, staff, with Shen ring.

• The Goddess Heqet, (the 'Frog'), is often seated on a shenu.
• For Eternity, the renpit, papyrus stalk is usually based on top of a Shen ring. See the Egyptian god Huh. (Senusret I has a famous Lintel relief showing this.)
• The Shen ring is often attached to various types of staffs, the staff of authority, or power, symbolizing the Eternal authority of that power.
• The Goddess Isis, and the Goddess Nekhbet are often shown kneeling, with their hands resting upon a shenu.
• The Hawk (Horus), and the Vulture (Goddess Mut) have the shenu in their talons, wings outstretched, over the scene portrayed. The "Horus with Outstretched Wings", shenu's in its talons, is an example from the Louvre of a Pectoral Brooch, possibly for royalty.

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  Shen ring

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  Artifact at the Louvre Museum, France

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  God Huh

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  Detail of pillar at the Temple of Kom Ombo

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  The Temple of Hatshepsut and its vast quantity of Shen rings.

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  Stela at the Louvre

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  Stela of Harpist and god Ra

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  Seshat carved on the back of the throne of the seated statue of Rameses II.

See also

• Cartouche
• Huh (god)

References

1. UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology online: definition cartouche
2. Kemp, B. 2007. Ancient Egypt. Anatomy of a Civilisation. pp106

Bibliography

• Kemp, Barry (2007). Ancient Egypt. Anatomy of a Civilisation. Routledge, Oxford.