Humphry Rolleston

Sir Humphry Rolleston, Bt
Humphry Davy Rolleston in 1916
Born	21 June 1862
Died	24 September 1944 (aged 82) Haslemere
Education	Marlborough College, St John’s College, Cambridge, Barts
Occupation	Physician
Years active	1888-1932
Known for	President, Royal College of Physicians (1922-26), Physician-in-Ordinary to King George VI (1923-32)
Medical career
Institutions	St. George’s Hospital, London

Sir Humphry Davy Rolleston, 1st Baronet GCVO KCB (21 June 1862 – 23 September 1944), was a prominent English physician.

Rolleston was the son of George Rolleston (Linacre Professor of Physiology at Oxford) and Grace Davy, daughter of John Davy and niece of Sir Humphry Davy, Bt (chemist). He was a direct descendant of Sir Michael Stanhope, the Groom of the Stool of King Henry VIII, and 22nd in direct line from King Edward I (and thus 29th from William the Conquerer).^[1] He was educated at Marlborough College, proceeded to St John's College, Cambridge and graduated in Natural Sciences in 1886. After clinical training at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London he qualified MB (Cambridge) in 1888 and MD in 1892.

Public service and honours

In 1891 he became Physician at St George's Hospital, Hyde Park Corner, London and continued there until 1919.^[2] This period, however, was interrupted by his service during the Second Boer War, where he served with the Imperial Yeomanry Hospital, Pretoria.^[3] In World War I he was consulting surgeon and surgeon rear-admiral with the Royal Navy. He remained active on consultative board for the Navy for many years thereafter.

Rolleston gave the 1895 Goulstonian Lectures on the subject of On the suprarenal bodies, the 1919 Lumleian Lectures on cerebro-spinal fever^[4] and the 1928 Harveian Oration on Cardio-Vascular Diseases Since Harvey's Discovery.

Rolleston was President of the London Medical Society in 1904, the Royal Society of Medicine between 1918 and 1920 and of the Royal College of Physicians between 1922 and 1925. He chaired the Rolleston Committee formed in 1924.

From 1923^[5] to 1932^[6] he was Physician-in-Ordinary to King George V. He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1918,^[7] created a baronet, of Upper Brook Street in the parish of Saint George, Hanover Square, in the County of London, in June 1925^[8] and made a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) in 1929.^[9]

In 1925, on the death of Thomas Clifford Allbutt, the Regius Professor of Physic (Cambridge), Rolleston was appointed as his successor, but under a newly imposed age-limit he retired from that position in 1932.^[2] He became President of the Medical Society of London in 1926.

On his death in 1944, aged 82, Rolleston's baronetcy became extinct.

History of medicine

Rolleston's writings on the history of medicine include:

• Medical Aspects of Samuel Johnson (1924)^[10]
• Life of Clifford Allbutt (1929)
• The Cambridge Medical School: a biographical history (1932).^[2]
• The Two Heberdens (1933)^[11]

Rolleston was one of the two contributors to the revised and updated version for Encyclopædia Britannica of the bulk of Thomas Clifford Allbutt's article Medicine which had been in the 11th edition. As revised for the 14th edition (1929) Rolleston's part was Medicine, General (in volume 15), followed by the other part, Medicine, History of, by Charles Singer, Lecturer in the History of Medicine, University of London.

A small collection of his papers is held at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. ^[12]

Medicine

His non-historical medical writing include:

• Medical Aspects of Old Age (1922)
• Rolleston was the senior editor for the 12-volume "British encyclopaedia of medical practice" (1936-39).^[13]

References

1. "Frank Gardner". Who Do You Think You Are?. Season 12. Episode 7. 24 September 2015. BBC. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
2. W. J. O'Connor British Physiologists 1885–1914: a Biographical Dictionary Manchester University Press, 1991: Page 22
3. Brown, G.H. "Humphry Davy (Sir) Rolleston". Munk's Roll: Volume 4. Royal Society. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
4. Rolleston, H. (1919). "The Lumleian Lectures on Cerebro-Spinal Fever. Delivered Before the Royal College of Physicians of London, Lecture III". The British Medical Journal 1 (3045): 573–575. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.3045.573.
5. The London Gazette: no. 32874. p. 7209. 26 October 1923.
6. The London Gazette: no. 33849. p. 4862. 26 July 1932.
7. The London Gazette: no. 30723. p. 6527. 31 May 19186527.
8. The London Gazette: no. 32954. p. 5249. 8 July 1924.
9. The London Gazette: no. 33501. p. 3671. 31 May 1929.
10. Rolleston, H. (1924). "Medical aspects of Samuel Johnson". Glasgow Med J 101: 173–91.
11. Rolleston, H. (1933). "The two Heberdens". Annals of Medical History 5: 566–83.
12. "Centennial of the Army Medical Library : address of Humphry Davy Rolleston 1936–1944". National Library of Medicine.
13. The British encyclopaedia of medical practice : including medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynaecology and other special subjects 12. London : Butterworth & co., ltd. 1936.