Skyhooks (band)

This article is about the Australian rock group. For other uses of the term, see Skyhook.
Skyhooks
Origin Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Genres Glam rock, hard rock
Years active 1973–1980, 1983, 1984, 1990, 1994
Labels Mushroom, Interfusion, Phonogram, Mercury, Attic, United Artists, Festival
Website skyhooks-music.com
Past members Greg Macainsh
Imants "Freddie" Strauks
Steve Hill
Peter Ingliss
Peter Starkie
Bob Starkie
Red Symons
Graeme "Shirley" Strachan
Bob Spencer
Tony Williams

Skyhooks were an Australian rock band formed in Melbourne in March 1973 by mainstays Greg Macainsh on bass guitar and backing vocals, and Imants "Freddie" Strauks on drums.[1][2][3] They were soon joined by Bob "Bongo" Starkie on guitar and backing vocals, and Red Symons on guitar, vocals and keyboards; Graeme "Shirley" Strachan became lead vocalist in March 1974.[1][2][3] Described as a glam rock band, because of flamboyant costumes and make-up,[4] Skyhooks addressed teenage issues including buying drugs "Carlton (Lygon Street Limbo)", suburban sex "Balwyn Calling", the gay scene "Toorak Cowboy" and loss of girlfriends "Somewhere in Sydney" by namechecking Australian locales.[1][5] According to music historian, Ian McFarlane "[Skyhooks] made an enormous impact on Australian social life".[1]

Skyhooks had #1 albums on the Australian Kent Music Report with their 1974 debut, Living in the 70's (for 16 weeks), and its 1975 follow-up, Ego Is Not a Dirty Word (11 weeks).[6] Their #1 singles were "Horror Movie" (January 1975) and "Jukebox in Siberia" (November 1990).[6][7]

Symons left Skyhooks in 1977 and became a radio and television personality. Strachan had solo releases since 1976 and finally left the band in 1978 and was also a radio and television presenter.[1][5] With altered line-ups, Skyhooks continued until they disbanded on 8 June 1980; they briefly reformed in 1983, 1984, 1990 and 1994.[1][5] In 1992, Skyhooks were inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame.[8][9] Lead singer, Strachan died on 29 August 2001, aged 49, in a helicopter crash while solo piloting.[5] Their original lead singer, Steve Hill, died in October 2005, aged 52, of liver cancer.[5]

In 2011, the Skyhooks album Living in the 70s was added to the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia's Sounds of Australia registry.[10]

History

Early years

Greg Macainsh and Imants "Freddie" Strauks both attended Norwood High School in the Melbourne suburb of Ringwood and formed Spare Parts in 1966 with Macainsh on bass guitar and Strauks on lead vocals.[2][5][11] Spare Parts was followed by Sound Pump in 1968,[12] Macainsh formed Reuben Tice in Eltham, with Tony Williams on vocals.[2][13] By 1970 Macainsh was back with Strauks, now on drums, first in Claptrap[14] and by 1971 in Frame which had Graeme "Shirley" Strachan as lead vocalist.[2][5][15] Frame also included Pat O'Brien on guitar and Cynthio Ooms on guitar.[15] Strachan had befriended Strauks earlier—he sang with Strauks on the way to parties—and was asked to join Claptrap which was renamed as Frame.[16] Strachan stayed in Frame for about 18 months but left for a career in carpentry and a hobby of surfing in Phillip Island.[16]

Skyhooks formed in March 1973 in Melbourne with Steve Hill on vocals (ex-Lillee), Peter Ingliss on guitar (The Captain Matchbox Whoopee Band), Macainsh on bass guitar and backing vocals, Peter Starkie on guitar and backing vocals (Lipp & the Double Dekker Brothers) and Strauks on drums and backing vocals.[1][2] The name, Skyhooks, came from a fictional organisation in the 1956 film Earth vs. the Flying Saucers. Their first gig was on 16 April 1973 at St Jude's Church hall in Carlton.[5] At a later gig, former Daddy Cool frontman, Ross Wilson was playing in his group Mighty Kong with Skyhooks as a support act. Wilson was impressed with the fledgling band and signed Macainsh to a publishing deal.[1] In August, Bob "Bongo" Starkie (Mary Jane Union) on guitar replaced his older brother Peter (later in Jo Jo Zep & The Falcons) and Ingliss was replaced by Red Symons (Scumbag) on guitar, vocals and keyboards.[1][2] The two new members added a touch of theatre and humour to the band's visual presence.[1] By late 1973, Wilson had convinced Michael Gudinski to sign the band to his booking agency, Australian Entertainment Exchange, and eventually to Gudinski's label, Mushroom Records.[1][5]

Skyhooks gained a cult following around Melbourne including university intelligentsia and pub rockers,[5] but a poorly received show at the January 1974 Sunbury Pop Festival saw the group booed off stage.[1][5] Two tracks from their live set, "Hey What's the Matter?" and "Love on the Radio" appeared on Mushroom's Highlights of Sunbury '74.[1] After seeing his performance on TV, Hill phoned Macainsh and resigned.[5] To replace Hill, in March, Macainsh recruited occasional singer, surfer and carpenter Strachan from his Frame era.[1][5][16] Strachan had been dubbed "Shirley" by fellow surfers due to his curly blond hair a la Shirley Temple.[16]

Living in the 70's

Main article: Living in the 70's
Skyhooks' debut album Living in the 70's

For Skyhooks, the replacement of Hill by Strachan was a pivotal moment, as Strachan had remarkable vocal skills, and a magnetic stage and screen presence.[1][5] Alongside Macainsh's lyrics, another facet of the group was the twin-guitar sound of Starkie and Symons.[1][5] Adopting elements of glam rock in their presentation, and lyrics that presented frank depictions of the social life of young Australia in the 1970s, the band shocked conservative middle Australia with their outrageous (for the time) costumes, make-up, lyrics, and on-stage activities.[1] A 1.2 metre (4 ft) high mushroom-shaped phallus was confiscated by Adelaide police after a performance.[5][17] Six of the ten tracks on their debut album, Living in the 70's, were banned by the Federation of Australian Commercial Broadcasters for their sex and drug references,[1] "Toorak Cowboy", "Whatever Happened to the Revolution?", "You Just Like Me Cos I'm Good in Bed", "Hey What's the Matter", "Motorcycle Bitch" and "Smut".[5] Much of the group's success derived from its distinctive repertoire, mostly penned by bass guitarist Macainsh,[1][5] with an occasional additional song from Symons—who wrote "Smut" and performed its lead vocals.[1][5][18] Although Skyhooks were not the first Australian rock band to write songs in a local setting—rather than ditties about love or songs about New York or other foreign lands—they were the first to become commercially successful doing so.[1][5] Skyhooks songs addressed teenage issues including buying drugs ("Carlton (Lygon Street Limbo)"), suburban sex ("Balwyn Calling"), the gay scene ("Toorak Cowboy") and loss of girlfriends ("Somewhere in Sydney") by namechecking Australian locales.[1][5] Radio personality, Billy Pinnell described the importance of their lyrics in tackling Australia's cultural cringe:

[Macainsh] broke down all the barriers [...] opening the door for Australian rock 'n' roll songwriters to write about local places and events. He legitimised Australian songwriting and it meant that Australians became themselves.[5]
— Billy Pinnell, quoted in Molly Meldrum presents 50 years of rock in Australia p. 104

The first Skyhooks single, "Living in the 70's", was released in August,[19] ahead of the album, and peaked at #7 on the Australian Kent Music Report Singles Charts.[6] Living in the 70's initially charted only in Melbourne upon its release on 28 October 1974. It went on to spend 16 weeks at the top of the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Charts from February to June 1975.[6] The album was produced by Wilson,[2] and became the best selling Australian album, to that time,[1] with 226,000 copies sold in Australia.[20]

Skyhooks returned to the Sunbury Pop Festival in January 1975. They were declared the best performers by Rolling Stone Australia and The Age reviewers, and Gudinski now took over their management.[21] The second single, "Horror Movie", reached #1 for two weeks in March.[6][19] The band's success was credited by Gudinski with saving his struggling Mushroom Records and enabled it to develop into the most successful Australian label of its time.[5][16][20]

The success of the album was also due to support by a new pop music television show Countdown on national public broadcaster ABC Television, rather than promotion by commercial radio.[5] "Horror Movie" was the first song played on the first colour transmission of Countdown in early 1975.[5] Despite the radio ban, the ABC's newly established 24-hour rock music station Double Jay chose the album's fifth track, the provocatively titled "You Just Like Me Cos I'm Good in Bed", as its first ever broadcast on 19 January.

Ego Is Not a Dirty Word

Skyhooks' 1975 national tour promoting Living in the 70's finished at Melbourne's Festival Hall with their ANZAC Day (25 April) performance.[5] They were supported by comedy singer Bob Hudson, heavy rockers AC/DC and New Zealand band Split Enz.[17] Strachan then took two weeks off and considered leaving the band, however he returned—newly married—and they continued recording the follow-up album, Ego Is Not a Dirty Word.[5][16] Initially, they were locked out of the recording studio until their manager, Gudinski, sent down the money still owed for recording the first album.[20] Ego Is Not a Dirty Word spent 11 weeks at the top of the Australian album chart from 21 July 1975,[6] and sold 210,000 copies.[20] It was produced by Wilson again,[2] with the single, "Ego is Not a Dirty Word" issued in March ahead of the album,[19] peaking at #1.[6] The next single, "All My Friends Are Getting Married" reached #5 in July,[6][19] and was followed by "Million Dollar Riff" at #2 in October.[6][19] Macainsh's then girlfriend, Jenny Brown,[5] described the band in her 1975 book, Skyhooks : Million Dollar Riff.[22] A live version of Chuck Berry's "Let It Rock" from a December performance was released as a single in March 1976 and reached #13.[1][6]

With Australian commercial success achieved, Skyhooks turned to the US market. Gudinski announced a $1.5 million deal with Mercury Records/Phonogram Records,[1] which released a modified international version of Ego Is Not a Dirty Word with "Horror Movie" and "You Just Like Me Cos I'm Good in Bed" from their first Australian album replacing two tracks.[1][2][5] A US tour followed in March–April 1976, but critics described them as imitators of Kiss due to the similarity of Symons' make-up & stage act to that of Gene Simmons,[3] and despite limited success in Boston, Massachusetts and Jacksonville, Florida they failed to make in-roads into the general US market.[1]

Later years to break-up

After completing their 1976 US tour, the band remained in San Francisco and recorded their third album with Wilson producing, Straight in a Gay Gay World—called Living in the 70's for US release with "Living in the 70's" replacing "The Girl Says She's Bored"—which appeared in August and peaked at #3 on the Australian album charts.[1][6][19] In July, upon return to Australia they launched The Brats Are Back Tour with a single, "This is My City",[19] which reached the Top 20.[6] "Blue Jeans" followed in August and peaked at #13 on the singles chart.[1][6][19] By October, Strachan provided his debut solo single, "Every Little Bit Hurts" (a cover of Brenda Holloway's 1964 hit), which reached #3.[6] In February 1977, Symons left the band and was replaced on guitar by Bob Spencer (Finch later called Contraband).[1][2] With Symons' departure the band dropped the glam rock look and used a more straight forward hard rock approach.[1][3]

During 1977 Skyhooks toured nationally three times, while their first single with Spencer, "Party to End All Parties", peaked into the top 30 in May.[1][6][19] Strachan released his second solo single, a cover of Smokey Robinson's "Tracks of My Tears", which reached the top 20 in July.[1][6] Meanwhile, Mushroom released a singles anthology, The Skyhooks Tapes, which entered the top 50 in September.[1][6][19] The band's mass popularity had declined although they still kept their live performances exciting and irreverent.[1][3]

In January 1978 they toured New Zealand and performed at the Nambassa festival. In February their next single, "Women in Uniform",[19] was issued and peaked at #8, while its album Guilty Until Proven Insane followed in March and reached #6.[1][6][19] The album was produced by Americans Eddie Leonetti and Jack Douglas.[2] The second single from the album, "Megalomania" issued in May,[19] did not peak into the top 40.[6] Strachan told band members he intended to leave—but it was not officially announced for six months—he continued regular shows until his final gig with Skyhooks on 29 July.[3] Strachan released further solo singles, "Mr Summer" in October and "Nothing but the Best" in January 1979,[1] but neither charted in the top 50.[6] Strachan's replacement in Skyhooks, on lead vocals, was Tony Williams (ex-Reuben Tice with Macainsh).[1][2][5][19]

Williams' first single for Skyhooks, "Over the Border", a political song about the state of the Queensland Police Force at the time, reached the top 40 in April,[6][19] and their fifth studio album, Hot for the Orient, appeared in May 1980,[19] but failed to peak into the top 50.[6] From 1975 to 1977, Skyhooks were—alongside Sherbet—the most commercially successful group in Australia, but over the next few years, Skyhooks rapidly faded from the public eye with the departure of key members, and in 1980 the band announced its break-up in controversial circumstances. Ian "Molly" Meldrum, usually a supporter of Skyhooks, savaged Hot for the Orient on his "Humdrum" segment of Countdown—viewers demanded that the band appear on a following show to defend it.[5] Poor reception of the album both by the public and reviewers led the band to take out a page-sized ad in the local music press declaring "Why Don't You All Get Fu**ed" (title of one of their songs) and they played their last performance on 8 June, not in their hometown of Melbourne, but in the mining town of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia.[1][3]

Reformations and later releases

In December 1982, Mushroom released a medley of Skyhooks songs as "Hooked on Hooks" which peaked at #21.[6] Demands for the "classic" line-up of the band—Macainsh, Bob Starkie, Strachan, Strauks and Symons—to reform were successful and on 23 April 1983, they started the Living in the 80's Tour.[1][3] Support acts for the first concert included The Church, Mental as Anything, The Party Boys, The Sunnyboys, and Midnight Oil—who acknowledged, "Hooks were the only Australian band they would let top the bill above them".[1][23] This tour was released on LP as Live in the 80's.

A one-off reunion concert took place in October 1984, and in 1990 the band finally recorded new material, including "Jukebox in Siberia", released in September,[19] which peaked at the top of the ARIA Singles Charts for two weeks.[7] In November, The Latest and Greatest, a compilation album, was released, which peaked at #4 on the ARIA Albums Charts.[7] The tracks were taken from Skyhooks' first four studio albums along with two recent singles, "Jukebox In Siberia" and the uncharted "Tall Timber".[7][19]

In 1992, Skyhooks were inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame,[8] while their manager, Gudunski, and record label, Mushroom Records, received a 'Special Achievement Award'.[9] Producer of their first three albums, Wilson, had been inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1989 as an individual and again as a member of Daddy Cool in 2006.[24]

The final release of new Skyhooks material came in June 1999 when a twin-CD, Skyhooks: The Collection, was issued.[1][3] Disc one contained a greatest hits package, very similar to "The Latest and Greatest", with additional tracks. Disc two is referred to by fans as "The Lost Album", with previously unreleased songs from their 1990 and 1994 recording sessions.

After Skyhooks

Strachan and Symons each went on to successful careers in Australian media including radio and television. Symons works on ABC radio and writes humorous newspaper columns. Starkie played locally with different bands including Ol' Skydaddys,[2] and Ram Band. Strauks was drummer for Melbourne rock band The Sports, Jo Jo Zep & The Falcons, folk band The Bushwackers and the Ol' Skydaddys.[2] Macainsh played with John Farnham on his Whispering Jack Tour and with Dave Warner's from the Suburbs,[2] in 1988 he put together and managed a very successful AC/DC tribute band called Back in Black who went on to support Skyhooks on their comeback tour. He was a board member of Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) (1997–2000) and Phonographic Performance Company of Australia (PPCA) (2001–2006),[25] and is an intellectual property lawyer.[26][27]

Strachan was killed in an air crash on 29 August 2001, when the helicopter he was learning to fly solo crashed into Mount Archer near Kilcoy, northwest of Brisbane. A memorial concert was held on 11 September 2001 at the Palais Theatre, tributes were paid and some remaining members—Strauks, Macainsh, Starkie, Symons and Spencer—performed with guest vocalists Daryl Braithwaite and Wilson. It is the only time Symons and his replacement, Spencer performed together on stage. Braithwaite performed "All My Friends Are Getting Married" with the band whilst Wilson sang the rare Skyhooks track "Warm Wind in the City".

The 30th anniversary of the release of the Living In The 70's album was commemorated in 2004, with different incarnations of the band performing. Absent were Strachan, Hill and Ingliss. Vocals were by Wilson, Williams and Bob Starkie. The original line up of Skyhooks including Hill reformed in 2005 at the Annandale Hotel in Sydney for a one-off gig, a benefit for Hill, who had been diagnosed with liver cancer. The line-up of Ingliss, Peter Starkie, Strauks and Macainsh joined him onstage—Hill died six weeks later. In November 2009, the "Skyhooks Tour Archive", displayed on the band's website, listed 925 live shows.

Macainsh, Starkie and Strauks appeared as Skyhooks at the 2009 Helpmann Awards in Sydney. They performed "Women in Uniform" with Australian rock icon Jimmy Barnes providing vocals. Red Symons was also slated to perform with the band, but was replaced by Diesel after withdrawing a few days before the show.

On 7 April 2010, 3AW reported that Skyhooks were to appear on the first episode of the new series of Hey Hey It's Saturday with Leo Sayer on vocals. Sayer later appeared on air and denied the claims.

Members

Classic lineup[2][19][28]
Other members[2][19]

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

Year Title Peak chart positions Certifications/Sales
(sales thresholds)
AUS
KMR
[6]
1974 Living in the 70's
  • Label: Mushroom Records (T35299)
 1
  • AUS: 4× Platinum[29] (300,000+)
1975 Ego Is Not a Dirty Word
  • Label: Mushroom Records (T35575)
 1
1976 Straight in a Gay Gay World
  • Label: Mushroom Records (T35982)
 2
  • AUS: Platinum[31] (70,000)
1978 Guilty Until Proven Insane
  • Label: Mushroom Records
6
1980 Hot for the Orient
  • Label: Mushroom Records
32
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that country.

Compilation albums

Live albums

Box sets

Singles

Year Title Peak chart positions Album
AUS
KMR[6]
ARIA[7] 		NZL
RIANZ[32]
1974 "Living in the 70's" 8 — Living in the 70's
1975 "Horror Movie" 1 —
"Ego Is Not a Dirty Word" 2 — Ego Is Not a Dirty Word
"All My Friends Are Getting Married" 2 —
"Million Dollar Riff" 2 — Straight In a Gay Gay World
1976 "Mercedes Ladies" (US only release) — — Ego Is Not a Dirty Word
"Let It Rock" (live version) 13 — Non-album single
"This Is My City" 18 — Straight In a Gay Gay World
"Blue Jeans" 12 3
1977 "Party to End All Parties" 22 — The Skyhooks Tapes
1978 "Women in Uniform" 8 — Guilty Until Proven Insane
"Megalomania" 93 —
1979 "Over the Border" 32 — Hot for the Orient
1980 "This Town Is Boring" — —
"Keep the Junk in America" — —
"White Skin Black Sheets" (Canada release only) — —
1982 "Hooked on Hooks" 21 — Non-album single
1990 "Jukebox in Siberia" 1 32 The Latest and Greatest
"Tall Timber" 66 —
1994 "Happy Hippy Hut" / "Ballad of Oz" (by Daddy Cool) 35 — Non-album shared single
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that country.

References

General
Specific
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 McFarlane, Ian (1999). "Encyclopedia entry for 'Skyhooks'". Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop. St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86508-072-1. Archived from the original on 19 April 2004. Retrieved 22 November 2009.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Holmgren, Magnus; Notling, Fredrik; Brown, Jenny. "Skyhooks". Australian Rock Database. Passagen.se (Magnus Holmgren). Archived from the original on 1 April 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nimmervoll, Ed; Greg Macainsh. "Skyhooks". Howlspace – The Living History of Our Music. White Room Electronic Publishing Pty Ltd (Ed Nimmervoll). Archived from the original on 27 July 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  4. ↑ "Skyhooks (Musical Group)". Music Australia. National Library of Australia. 23 June 2009. Retrieved 25 November 2009.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Jenkins, Jeff; Ian Meldrum (2007). Molly Meldrum presents 50 years of rock in Australia. Melbourne, Vic: Wilkinson Publishing. pp. 84, 89, 90, 104–128, 145, 266–267. ISBN 978-1-921332-11-1. Retrieved 22 November 2009.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book Ltd. ISBN 0-646-11917-6. NOTE: Used for Australian Singles and Albums charting from 1974 until ARIA created their own charts in mid-1988. In 1992, Kent back calculated chart positions for 1970–1974.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Discography Skyhooks". australian-charts.com. Retrieved 22 November 2009.
  8. 1 2 "ARIA Awards 2009 : History: Winners by Artist : Skyhooks". Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  9. 1 2 "ARIA Awards 2009 : History: Winners by Year : 1992: 6th Annual ARIA Awards". Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  10. ↑ National Film and Sound Archive: 'Living in the 70s' on the Sounds of Australia registry
  11. ↑ Spencer et al, (2007) Spare Parts entry.
  12. ↑ Spencer et al, (2007) Sound Pump entry.
  13. ↑ Spencer et al, (2007) Reuben Tice entry.
  14. ↑ Spencer et al, (2007) Claptrap entry.
  15. 1 2 Spencer et al, (2007) Frame entry.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Brown, Jen Jewel (31 August 2001). Duncan Kimball, ed. "We just liked him 'cos he was Shirl". MILESAGO: Australasian Music and Popular Culture 1964–1975. ICE Productions. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  17. 1 2 Jenkins (1994).
  18. ↑ ""Smut" at APRA search engine". Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA). Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Spencer et al, (2007) Skyhooks entry.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Eliezer, Christie (2007). "Michael Gudinski: He Should Be So Lucky". High Voltage Rock 'n' Roll: The Movers and Shakers in the Australian Music Industry. Sydney: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-921029-26-4. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  21. ↑ Duncan Kimball, ed. (2002). "Festivals - Sunbury Festival 1975". MILESAGO: Australasian Music and Popular Culture 1964–1975. ICE Productions. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  22. ↑ Brown, Jennifer Lois (1975). Skyhooks : Million Dollar Riff. Collingwood, Vic: Dingo. ISBN 0-909109-01-X. Note: Brown was later known as Jenny Hunter Brown and then as Jen Jewel Brown.
  23. ↑ "Skyhooks special - Skyhooks bio". Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). 6 October 2001. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  24. ↑ "ARIA Awards 2009 : History: Winner by Award : Hall of Fame". Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  25. ↑ "PPCA Announces Board for 2005". PPCA - News & Media. Phonographic Performance Company of Australia (PPCA). 22 February 2005. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  26. ↑ Bodey, Michael (2 November 2009). "Roadkill on digital highway: how music is fighting back". The Australian (News Limited). Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  27. ↑ Lang-Lemchert, Susan (2005). "Quiet Achiever" (PDF). Susan Lang-Lemchert. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  28. ↑ Nimmervoll, Ed. "Skyhooks 2". Howlspace – The Living History of Our Music. White Room Electronic Publishing Pty Ltd (Ed Nimmervoll). Archived from the original on 27 July 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  29. ↑ "A QUICK 'HOOK HISTORY". www.skyhooks-music.com. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  30. ↑ "A QUICK 'HOOK HISTORY". www.skyhooks-music.com. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  31. ↑ "A QUICK 'HOOK HISTORY". www.skyhooks-music.com. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  32. ↑ "Discography: Skyhooks". New Zealand charts portal. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  33. ↑ "Skyhooks : million dollar riff / (by) Jenny Brown". catalogue. National Library of Australia. Retrieved 23 November 2009.
  34. ↑ "Ego is not a dirty word : the Skyhooks story / by Jeff Jenkins". catalogue. National Library of Australia. Retrieved 25 November 2009.
  35. ↑ "Who's who of Australian rock / compiled by Chris Spencer, Zbig Nowara & Paul McHenry". catalogue. National Library of Australia. Retrieved 25 November 2009.

External links

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