Sláinte
 |
Look up sláinte in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Sláinte or slà inte (SLAHN-chə) is a word literally translating as "health"[1] in several Gaelic languages and is commonly used as a drinking toast in Ireland and Scotland.
Variations
| Pronunciation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Irish: | sláinte (mhaith) | |
| Pronunciation: | [slaËnʲtʲə vah][2] | |
| Manx Gaelic: | slaynt vie | |
| Pronunciation: | [slent vaËi][3] | |
| Manx Gaelic: | corp slaynt | |
| Pronunciation: | [koɾp slent][3] | |
| Scots Gaelic: | slà inte (mhath) | |
| Pronunciation: | [s̪lË ÌªaËɲtʲə va] | |
| Scots Gaelic: | do dheagh shlà inte | |
| Pronunciation: | [t̪ə ÊoË lË ÌªaËɲtʲə] | |
| Scots Gaelic: | slà inte mhòr | |
| Pronunciation: | [s̪lË ÌªaËɲtʲə voËɾ] | |
Sláinte is the basic form in Irish Gaelic. Variations of this toast include sláinte mhaith "good health" in Irish (mhaith being the lenited form of maith "good").
The basic Scottish Gaelic equivalent is slà inte (mhath) (same meaning) to which the normal response is do dheagh shlà inte "your good health".[4] There are other variations such as:
- air do shlà inte "on your health!" with the response slà inte agad-sa "health at yourself!"[5]
- slà inte mhòr "great health" which is also used as a Jacobite toast with the alternative meaning of "health to Marion", Marion (Gaelic Mòr) being a Jacobite code name for Prince Charles Edward Stuart.[6]
The Manx Gaelic form is slaynt (vie)[7] or shoh slaynt.[8] Alternatively, corp slaynt "healthy body" is also used in Manx.[3]
The toast is mispronounced by non-native speakers in various ways, most commonly with excessive voicing as /ˈzlÉ‘ËndÊ’/ (see the Pronunciation box on this page for a guide to the correct pronunciation).
Etymology
The word is an abstract noun derived from the Old Irish adjective slán "whole, healthy" plus the Old Irish suffix tu, resulting in slántu "health" and eventually Middle Irish sláinte.[9][10] The root slán is derived from the Indo-European root *slÄ- "advantageous" and linked to words like German selig "blessed" and the Latin salus "health".[11]
In some modern Romance languages, words descended from the Latin word salus (such as salute in Italian, salut in Catalan and Romanian, salud in Spanish) are similarly used as a toast. (However, santat in Occitan and santé in French are rather from Latin sanitas "health.")
References
- ↑ Ó Dónaill Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla An Gúm, Dublin 1977, reprinted 1992 ISBN 1-85791-037-0
- ↑ Foclóir Póca An Gúm 1992
- 1 2 3 Broderick, G. A Handbook of Late Spoken Manx Niemeyer (1984) ISBN 3-484-42904-6
- ↑ Ó Maolalaigh, R. Scottish Gaelic in three months Hugo Language Books, 1996 ISBN 0-85285-234-7
- ↑ Dwelly, E. Faclair Gà idhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic- English Dictionary 4th edition 1941
- ↑ "Lady Traquair's Brew" Glasgow Caledonian University: Centre for Political Song. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
- ↑ Gunn, M. Da Mihi Manum Everson Gunn Teo., Dublin 1994 ISBN 1-899082-00-X
- ↑ Morrison, S. Manx Fairy Tales (reprint) 2002 ISBN 1-873120-01-X
- ↑ MacBain, A. (1911) An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language Stirling Eneas MacKay, 1982 edition by Gairm ISBN 0-901771-68-6
- ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) The Gaelic of Leurbost. Oslo. Norsk Tidskrift for Sprogvidenskap.
- ↑ Pokorny, J. Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch Online Edition retrieved 8 January 2010