Slender-billed thornbill

Slender-billed thornbill
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Acanthizidae
Genus: Acanthiza
Species: A. iredalei
Binomial name
Acanthiza iredalei
Mathews, 1911
Subspecies

Acanthiza iredalei hedleyi
Acanthiza iredalei iredalei
Acanthiza iredalei rosinae

The slender-billed thornbill (Acanthiza iredalei) is a small bird native to Australia. It includes three separate sub-species:

This thornbill can be found in shrublands and salt marshes, typically those around salt lakes or low heath on sand plains.[2] It eats mostly insects and spiders captured in the shrubs of its habitat. It rarely feeds on the ground, preferring instead the higher elevations of shrubs and trees.[2]

The slender-billed thornbill is rarely observed alone. They are usually seen in flocks of approximately eight birds or in pairs. Thornbill nests are small and built in low shrubs. They are constructed of grass, bark, cobwebs, and other shrubland debris. Females lay up to three eggs during the breeding season, which runs from July until November.[2]

Description

The thornbill ranges from 9 to 10 centimeters in length. The colour of its back ranges from olive-grey to a darker olive-brown. The base of its tail is olive-yellow. Its underbelly is a smooth cream colour, and it has a dark bill and pale eyes.[2]

Distribution and habitat

The slender-billed thornbill iredalei subspecies has six separate and isolated populations in Western Australia, and a large population in the Carnarvon bioregion.[3] The hedleyi subspecies ranges across eastern Australia, and the rosinae subspecies can be found in southern Australia.

Conservation status

Broad status

The rosinae subspecies, most commonly found in Gulf St Vincent, is considered vulnerable.[4] The hedleyi subspecies, whose territory includes most of eastern Australia, is considered near threatened.[4] The iredalei subspecies is also considered Vulnerable.[5]

The thornbill (iredalei subspecies) is extinct in northern Australia, and is considered the only indigenous species to have become extinct in that location since European settlement.[2]

Victoria

References

  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Acanthiza iredalei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Pavey, Chris; Ward, Simon (December 2012). "Threatened Species of the Northern Territory: Slender-Billed Thornbill" (PDF). Northern Territory Government: Department of Land Resource Management.
  3. The Directory of Australian Birds: Passerines by R. Schodde, I. J. Mason. Journal of Biogeography, Vol. 27, No. 3 (May, 2000), pp. 782-783
  4. 1 2 Birds Australia
  5. Department of the Environment and Water Resources (2007). Acanthiza iredalei iredalei in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment and Water Resources, Canberra. Available from: .
  6. "Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria" (PDF). Melbourne, Australia: Victoria Government: Department of Sustainability and Environment. 2013. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-74287-504-0. Retrieved 10 September 2015.
  7. http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenpa.nsf/LinkView/617768308BCB666E4A25684E00192281E7A24BB36FF60A144A256DEA00244294
  8. Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment (2007). Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria - 2007. East Melbourne, Victoria: Department of Sustainability and Environment. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-74208-039-0.
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