Slipware
Slipware is a type of pottery identified by its primary decorating process where slip is placed onto the leather-hard clay body surface before firing by dipping, painting or splashing. Slip is an aqueous suspension of a clay body, which is a mixture of clays and other minerals such as quartz, feldspar and mica.
Description
A coating of white or coloured slip, known as an engobe, can be applied to the article to improve its appearance, to give a smoother surface to a rough body, mask an inferior colour or for decorative effect. Slips or engobes can also be applied by painting techniques, in isolation or in several layers and colours. Sgraffito involves scratching through a layer of coloured slip to reveal a different colour or the base body underneath. Several layers of slip and/or sgraffito can be done while the pot is still in an unfired state. One colour of slip can be fired, before a second is applied, and prior to the scratching or incising decoration. This is particularly useful if the base body is not of the desired colour or texture.
History
Some prehistoric and historic cultures used slip as the primary decorating material on their ware. These include most prehistoric cultures of the Middle East, cultures in many areas of Africa, most pottery-making cultures in the Americas, early Japanese and Korean ware, Mycenean ware, the pottery of Ancient Greece and pre-industrialized potters in some areas of Great Britain, most notably Thomas Toft in the Staffordshire Potteries. Later cultures combined the use of slip with the application of high silica glazes.
In Japan Onta ware traditionally creates slipware.
Gallery
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Bowl with strutting bird, Sultanabad ware, Iran, Ilkhanid period, first half of 14th century, earthenware with gray englobe and underglaze painting in blue, black, white slip (Cincinnati Art Museum)
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Korean punch'ong ware pear-shaped wine bottle, Choson dynasty, second half of 15th century, stoneware with glaze and white slip decoration (Honolulu Academy of Arts)
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Ashiwi polychrome water jar, She-we-na Zuni Pueblo, 1700-1750 (Brooklyn Museum)
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Tile, Hopi Pueblo, late 19th-early 20th century (Brooklyn Museum)
See also
- Culture of Korea
- History of pottery in Palestine
- Native American pottery
- Pottery of Ancient Greece
- Harvest jug
References
- Eden, Victoria and Michael. (1999) Slipware, Contemporary Approaches. A & C Black, University of Pennsylvania Press, G & B Arts International. ISBN 90-5703-212-0
- Hamer, Frank and Janet. (1991) The Potter's Dictionary of Materials and Techniques. A & C Black, 3rd ed. ISBN 0-8122-3112-0.
- Wondrausch, Mary. (2001) [1986] Mary Wondrausch on Slipware. A&C Black, 2nd ed. ISBN 0-7136-2813-8
External links
Media related to Slipware at Wikimedia Commons
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