Sludge

For the music genre, see Sludge metal.

Sludge is a semi-solid slurry and can be produced as sewage sludge from wastewater treatment processes or as a settled suspension obtained from conventional drinking water treatment and numerous other industrial processes. The term is also sometimes used as a generic term for solids separated from suspension in a liquid; this 'soupy' material usually contains significant quantities of 'interstitial' water (between the solid particles).

Industrial wastewater solids are also referred to as sludge, whether generated from biological or physical-chemical processes. Surface water plants also generate sludge made up of solids removed from the raw water.

Wastewater

Sources of wastewater	Acid mine drainage Ballast water Blackwater (coal) Blackwater (waste) Boiler blowdown Brine Combined sewer Cooling tower Cooling water Greywater Infiltration/Inflow Industrial effluent Ion exchange Leachate Manure Papermaking Produced water Return flow Reverse osmosis Sanitary sewer Sewage Sewage sludge Storm drain Urban runoff

Wastewater quality indicators	Biochemical oxygen demand Chemical oxygen demand Coliform index Dissolved oxygen Heavy metals pH Salinity Temperature Total dissolved solids Total suspended solids Turbidity

Wastewater treatment options	Activated sludge Aerated lagoon Agricultural wastewater treatment API oil-water separator Carbon filtration Chlorination Clarifier Constructed wetland Extended aeration Facultative lagoon Filtration Imhoff tank Industrial wastewater treatment Ion exchange Membrane bioreactor Reverse osmosis Rotating biological contactor Secondary treatment Sedimentation Septic tank Settling basin Sewage sludge treatment Sewage treatment Stabilization pond Trickling filter Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation UASB Wastewater treatment plant

Wastewater disposal options	Combined sewer Evaporation pond Groundwater recharge Infiltration basin Injection well Irrigation Marine dumping Marine outfall Sanitary sewer Septic drain field Sewerage Stabilization pond Storm drain Surface runoff Water reclamation

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