Sooty orange tip
| Sooty orange tip | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pieridae |
| Tribe: | Anthocharini |
| Genus: | Zegris |
| Species: | Z. eupheme |
| Binomial name | |
| Zegris eupheme (Esper, 1805)[1] | |
| Subspecies | |
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Several. | |
| Synonyms | |
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The sooty orange tip (Zegris eupheme) is a Palearctic Pieridae butterfly that has a range that extends through southern Europe, southwest Europe, northern Africa, East Kazakhstan and Asia Minor Global warming currently seems to be extending its range to the north. The habitat consists of open flowery grasslands amongst hills.
The wingspan is 46–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in).[2] Adults have yellow undersides and a patch of orange. They have distinctive grey-black forewing tips. Adults are on wing from mid March to mid June in one generation per year.[3]
The larvae feed on Sinapis incana, Raphanus, Sisymbrium polymorphum and Camelina laxa.
In Morocco, the species is particularly associated with woad (Isatis tinctoria), and is found at mid and high elevations in the Middle and High Atlas Mountains. Larvae are often found on the same individual host plant as caterpillars of Euchloe, Pieris rapae and Pieris brassicae. Compared to these other pierines, Z. eupheme is associated with very stable environments.
Description in Seitz
Zegris eupheme from South-Eastern Russia, Armenia[4] and the Alatau, is above white with dark apex to the forewing, bearing an orange-red spot, the black median spot of the forewing being halfmoon-shaped. The orange spot is usually smaller in the female, being sometimes absent. The underside white, the forewing having a yellow apex and a black median spot, the hindwing being greenish yellow, with white spots. Specimens in which these spots are prevalent belong to ab.tschudica H.-Sch. [synonym of Zegris eupheme erothoe] — menestho Mén. from Asia Minor and Western Kurdistan has the underside of the hindwing more yellow, being also somewhat larger. — meridionalis Led. [stat. nov. Zegris meridionalis meridionalis Lederer, 1852] from Central and South Spain, is still larger, the almost uniformly yellow underside of the hindwing having grey-greenish markings. — Larva thick, cylindrical, densely hairy. Pupa stout, with in a dense cocoon, in which one finds, however, still a remnant of the thread characteristic for pupae of Pierids.[5]
Subspecies
- Zegris eupheme eupheme Esper, 1804 (Southern Russia)
- Zegris eupheme dyala Peile, 1921 (Iran)
- Zegris eupheme tigris Riley, 1921 (Iran)
- Zegris eupheme maroccana Bernardi, 1950 (Morocco, Spain) = Zegris meridionalis marocana Bernardi, 1950 comb. nov. by Back 2012: 80.
- Zegris eupheme larseni Pittaway, 1986 (Saudi Arabia)[6]
- Zegris eupheme menestho (Ménétriés, 1832) Asia Minor and Western Kurdistan
- Zegris eupheme uarda Hemming, 1929
- Zegris eupheme sulphurea O. Bang-Haas, 1927
- Zegris eupheme harandi Back, Karbalaye, Leestmans & Hofmann, 2005
- Zegris eupheme erothoe (Eversmann, [1832])
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sooty orange tip. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Zegris |
- ↑ Zegris, Site of Markku Savela
- ↑ BibAlex
- ↑ European Butterflies
- ↑ Butterfly Conservation Armenia http://www.butterfly-conservation-armenia.org/zegris-eupheme.html
- ↑ Julius Röber Pieridae, pp. 39-74, 374, pls. 17-27. In: Seitz, A. (ed.),1909 Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 1. Band. Die palaearctischen Tagfalter. – Stuttgart, Fritz Lehmann.
- ↑ Afrotropical Butterflies: File D – Pieridae - Tribe Anthocharidini