Spirodela
| Spirodela | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Spirodela polyrrhiza | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| Order: | Alismatales |
| Family: | Araceae |
| Subfamily: | Lemnoideae |
| Tribe: | Lemneae |
| Genus: | Spirodela Schleid. 1839 |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Landoltia Les & D.J.Crawford | |
Spirodela is a genus of aquatic plant. It is one of several genera containing plants commonly called duckweed. Spirodela species are members of the Araceae under the APG II system. They were formerly members of the Lemnaceae.[2][3]
Spirodela species are free-floating thalli, 2-5 plants may remain connected to each other. Plants are green, but may have a red or brown underside. Multiple roots (7 to 12) emerge from each thallus. Spirodela is larger (10 mm) than Lemna (2–5 mm, one root per thallus).[4]
Certain species of Spirodela overwinter as turions, a dormant form that lacks air pockets and so sinks to the bottom of the pond. In spring turions rise to the surface and germinate to start a new population.
Spirodela often forms floating mats with related species, e.g. Lemna and Wolffia.
The genus is virtually cosmopolitan in distribution.[1][4] Spirodela punctata is sometimes treated as Landoltia punctata.[5]
Species
- Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz) Hegelm. - Africa, Australia, southern Asia
- Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. - cosmopolitan
- Spirodela punctata (G.Mey.) C.H.Thomps. - South America, Central America, West Indies
- Spirodela sichuanensis M.G.Liu & K.M.Xie - southern China
References
- 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ↑ Landolt, E. (1986) Biosystematic investigations in the family of duckweeds (Lemnaceae). Vol. 2. The family of Lemnaceae - A monographic study. Part 1 of the monograph: Morphology; karyology; ecology; geographic distribution; systematic position; nomenclature; descriptions. Veröff. Geobot. Inst., Stiftung Rübel, ETH, Zurich.
- 1 2 Flora of North America
- ↑ Les, D. H. and D. J. Crawford. 1999. Landoltia (Lemnaceae), a new genus of duckweeds. Novon 9: 530-533.
External links
- Armstrong, W. (2005) Wayne Armstrong's treatment of the Lemnaceae.
- Cross, J.W. (2006). The Charms of Duckweed.
- The Duckweed Genome Project