St. George's Cathedral, Cape Town
| St George's Cathedral | |
|---|---|
|
St. George's Cathedral, north transept. | |
| Country | Cape Town, South Africa |
| Denomination | Anglican Church of Southern Africa |
| History | |
| Founded | 22 August 1901 |
| Dedication | St. George |
| Past bishop(s) |
Desmond Tutu Robert Gray |
| Architecture | |
| Status | Cathedral |
| Functional status | Active |
| Heritage designation | Provincial Heritage Site |
| Architect(s) | Herbert Baker |
| Style | Gothic |
| Clergy | |
| Archbishop | Thabo Makgoba, Archbishop of Cape Town |
St George's Cathedral (in full, The Cathedral Church of St George the Martyr) is the Anglican cathedral in Cape Town, South Africa. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cape Town.
The cathedral was designed by Sir Herbert Baker and the foundation stone was laid in 1901. The cathedral replaced a church built in 1834 on the same site, and is still incomplete.
History
In October 1827, the Bishop of Calcutta, on a visit to Cape Town which was, at the time, a distant outpost of his diocese, discussed the building of an Anglican church. Up until that time the Anglican community had used the Cape Town Castle for services, later being offered hospitality by the Groote Kerk. The colonial government donated a site at the lower end of the Dutch East India Company's gardens at the corner of Government Avenue and Wale Street and the bishop consecrated the land. The foundation stone was laid by Governor Sir Lowry Cole on St. George's day 23 April 1830 and at the same time Erste Berg Dwars Street was renamed St. George's Street. The church was built from drawings by the architect John Skirrow based on W & H Inwood's neo-Greek St. Pancras' Church in London. Losing heavily on the deal, Hermann Schutte was the building contractor. The cathedral cost estimated ₤16,000 to build.[1] On 21 December 1834 that St. George's Church opened for services.[2] Upon diplomat Edmund Roberts visit in 1834, George Hough was chaplain and the church had a capacity of 1,000 people with 300 seats for the poor.[1]
In 1847, Robert Gray was ordained bishop of the newly created Diocese of Cape Town and he installed his cathedra (throne) in the church, by which act it became a cathedral even though it was only a modest parish church. His dream was to build a more worthy building on the site but his wishes never materialised during his episcopate which lasted until his death in 1872.[2]
On 17 May 1874, William West Jones was ordained second Bishop and Metropolitan of Cape Town (almost 25 years later he was elevated to Archbishop) and by 1887 the Diocesan Synod had appointed a committee to collect money for a new cathedral but it was not until 22 August 1901 that the Duke of Cornwall and York (later to become King George V) laid the foundation stone bearing the letters AMDG (Ad Majoram Dei Gloriam – To the Greater Glory of God). Paradoxically, this is the only visible instance of these letters which are chiselled on the inward-facing surface of each and every stone in the cathedral, a custom dating from ancient times.[3] The South-African War was still in progress at the time and as a result it was not until 1904 that work was resumed and the foundations were laid.
In 1908 Archbishop West Jones returned to England. By the time of his departure, the eastern end of the cathedral was well under way but he died two months later. It was decided that the new chapel on the north side should be built in his memory and it was completed and dedicated on 28 October 1909 in honour of St John the Baptist, the patron saint of St John's College, Oxford, of which William West Jones had been a fellow.
Work continued slowly but it was not until 1930 that the memorial stone for the North Transept was laid by the Earl of Athlone, then Governor-General of the Union of South Africa. The transept was completed in 1936 which finally made Sir Herbert Baker's design a reality.
Provincial heritage site
St George's Cathedral was declared a provincial heritage site by Heritage Western Cape on 23 September 2014 in the terms of Section 27 of the National Heritage Resources Act.[4] This gives the site Grade II status and provides the site with protection under South African heritage law.
The cathedral is renowned for the political stance it took during apartheid and is recognised as a strong symbol for democracy in South Africa. The heritage significance the building lies not just with the building itself but also the intangible heritage associated with the actions of different clergymen involved in the church which led to the church affectionately being known as the "people's cathedral". Reverend Desmond Tutu, the first black archbishop of South Africa, led numerous marches and campaigns for the formal end of apartheid from the front steps of St George's cathedral.[5] It was a common meeting point for all activists of all races as well as woman’s rights groups who were part the resistance to apartheid laws and the struggle for social justice, equality and human rights.
Gallery
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Christ in Triumph over Darkness and Evil, stained glass window by French artist Gabriel Loire in memory of Earl Mountbatten of Burma, at St George's Cathedral, Cape Town.
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St. George's Cathedral walls.
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The laying of the foundation stone in 1901.
See also
Notes and references
- 1 2 Roberts, Edmund (1837). Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 397.
- 1 2 Kenyon 1980.
- ↑ Rev. John Charles Venus, Chaplain to St. George's Grammar School (1959-1965)
- ↑ http://www.westerncape.gov.za/general-publication/hwc-declaration-four-new-provincial-heritage-sites-western-cape-province-heritage-month-2014
- ↑ Andrew Hall. http://www.westerncape.gov.za/general-publication/hwc-declaration-four-new-provincial-heritage-sites-western-cape-province-heritage-month-2014
- Kenyon, Roger, ed. (1980). The Cathedral Church of St George the Martyr. Cape Town: Printpak Books.
- Bock, Mary; Gordon, Judith, eds. (2012). St George's Cathedral: Heritage and Witness. Cape Town: PreText Publishing.
- Langham-Carter, R. R. (1977). St. George's Church. Cape Town: A.A.Balkema.
External links
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Coordinates: 33°55′30″S 18°25′10″E / 33.92500°S 18.41944°E