St Luke's Church, West Norwood

St Luke's, West Norwood
Denomination Church of England
Churchmanship Evangelical
Website http://www.stlukeswestnorwood.org
Architecture
Architect(s) Francis Octavius Bedford
Administration
Deanery Lambeth South
Archdeaconry Lambeth
Diocese Diocese of Southwark
Province Canterbury
Clergy
Vicar(s) Rev'd Donald Davis

St Luke's Church in West Norwood is an Anglican church that worships in a Grade II* listed building,[1] It stands on a prominent triangular site at the south end of Norwood Road, where the highway forks to become Knights Hill and Norwood High Street.

Parish

When St Luke's church was first built, the area was sparsely populated and mainly comprised meadows cleared from woodland. The relatively few houses included a mixture of modest cottages and villas for the rich. The only significant public buildings at that stage were the Independent (later Congregationalist) chapel in Chapel Road, which was completed in 1821, and a House of Industry for the Infant Poor in Elder Road. An outline of the vast subsequent changes to the locality appears in the article about West Norwood.

During the nineteenth century, a number of new parishes were created that took in parts of the original parish of St Luke's. These were Holy Trinity Tulse Hill, Christ Church Gipsy Hill, Emmanuel West Dulwich, St Peter Streatham and All Saints West Dulwich.

By 1886, the population of St Luke's parish amounted to 10,377 and was served by four clergy. The total (morning and evening) attendance as a proportion of the parochial population at that time stood at 9.1%.[2] In 1901, the population of the parish stood at 16,180 but in the following year only one clergyman was in post at St Luke's and attendance at services there represented 6.0% of the parochial population.[3]

Based on statistics from the UK census, the Diocese of Southwark estimates the population of St Luke's parish was 15,400 in 2001 and 16,500 in 2011.[4]

Building

St Luke's Church was designed by Francis Octavius Bedford in 1822, as a result of the Church Building Act of 1818, which had been passed in response to the end of the Napoleonic wars and the growing urban population.[5] It is known as a "Commissioners' church" because it received a grant from the Church Building Commission towards the cost of its construction; the church cost £12,947 to build, and the grant was £6,447.[6] It was constructed along with St. Matthew's, Brixton, St. Mark's, Kennington and St. John's, Waterloo Road. These four "Waterloo churches", each dedicated to one of the four authors of gospels of the New Testament, were specified to have 1800-2000 sittings, vaults for burials, be constructed of brick with stone dressing and cost no more than £13,000 each.[7][8]

The builder was Mrs Elizabeth Broomfield of Walworth and the foundation stone was laid by the Archbishop of Canterbury on 14 April 1823. The church was consecrated by the Bishop of Winchester on 25 July 1825.[9] The main front, in a rather simplified version of the Corinthian order, has a stone portico with six fluted columns. A tower rises in three stages from the roof just behind the portico.[9] The church is very similar in appearance to St John's, Waterloo, and to two other churches by the same architect: St George, Wells Way, Camberwell, and Holy Trinity, Trinity Square, Southwark.[10]

At first the building was furnished with box pews, galleries and a triple-decker pulpit, with seating for a total congregation of 1,412.[9] The original design had only provided one gallery, above the entrance, facing the altar. This made it possible to have one row of large windows on each of the long sides of the church rather than two storeys of smaller ones Bedford used in churches with side galleries. However, before the church opened, a decision was made to increase its capacity by installing an extra gallery. To avoid blocking the windows, this was put at the end opposite the entrance, and the altar was placed against one of the long walls, with the pulpit and reading desk against the other.[9][11] Thomas Allen in his History and Antiquities of the Parish of Lambeth (1827) wrote:

Whoever looks at the exterior of this edifice will be greatly disappointed on entering it to find the church has been turned on one side; where he expects to meet with the altar he will find a gallery; if he looks for the pulpit, it meets his eye in an unusual and awkward situation, rendered still more apparent by its relative situation to the altar.[9]

In 1872-3 the building was extensively altered by G E Street, who dramatically rearranged the interior, creating a conventional chancel at the end opposite the entrance, and dividing up the nave with Romanesque arcades supporting a plaster barrel vault.[12] The galleries were removed, reducing the seating by more than half. Over the years, various stained glass windows have also been added.

In 1976 the chancel was divided into an upper and lower hall with toilet and kitchen facilities. The kitchen has since been repositioned to occupy the south western area of the building, which had previously been used as a Lady Chapel. In 2005 the pews were replaced by red chairs that are usually arranged to face south.

Churchyard

A total of 1,383 people were buried at St Luke's between 1825 and 1894, either in the churchyard or on the vaults under the building. The churchyard has been legally closed, so no further burials may take place there apart from cremated remains.[13]

The northern (i.e. lower level) part of the Churchyard was given to Lambeth Council soon after the Second World War and converted into a memorial garden to remember those who died in that conflict. Lambeth Council has used money from a Section 106 agreement to refurbish these gardens.[14][15][16] This section of the churchyard is used on the first Sunday of most months of the year for selling refreshments in connection with the Norwood Feast.[17]

The original ornate railings around the churchyard were removed as wartime "salvage" and only restored in 2009. The elaborate entrance gates from Knights Hill are still missing. The southern (i.e. upper level) part of the churchyard, which is still owned by the Church but maintained by Lambeth Council, is partly in a dilapidated condition.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Historic England. "Details from image database (204391)". Images of England.
  2. ↑ Cox, Jeffrey (1982). The English Churches in a Secular Society - Lambeth, 1870-1930. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 294. ISBN 0195030192.
  3. ↑ Cox, Jeffrey (1982). The English Churches in a Secular Society - Lambeth, 1870-1930. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 286. ISBN 0195030192.
  4. ↑ http://extranet.southwark.anglican.org/Unrestricted/OpenContent.aspx?id=56a910a600d74357bc93e24e4a8686a1
  5. ↑ Gilley, S. Stanley, B., The Cambridge History of Christianity World Christianities c1815-1914, p106, Cambridge University Press, 2007
  6. ↑ Port, M. H (2006). 600 New Churches: The Church Building Commission 1818-1856 (2nd ed.). Reading: Spire Books. p. 327. ISBN 978-1-904965-08-4.
  7. ↑ Revd F Lambert & K HoldawaySt Luke West Norwood 1825-1975
  8. ↑ Series of architectural plans of the Lambeth Waterloo churches Survey of London: volume 26 English Heritage 1956
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Allen, Thomas (1827). The History and Antiquities of the Parish of Lambeth. London: J. Allen. pp. 430–3.
  10. ↑ E.I.C. [Edward John Carlos] (1825). "Architecture of the New Churches". The Every-Day Book.
  11. ↑ The axis of the church runs north-south, with the entrance at the north end; in both Bedford's original plans and Street's rearrangement the altar is at the north end, while the initial arrangement had it against the east side See Cherry and Pevsner 1990, pp.335-6.
  12. ↑ Cherry, Bridget; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1990) [1983]. London 2: South. The Buildings of England. London: Penguin Books.
  13. ↑ Burials at St Luke's church and churchyard
  14. ↑ Findings of St Luke’s Memorial Garden working group Norwood Area Committee, 21 September 2006
  15. ↑ Minutes of Norwood Action Group 13 June 2006
  16. ↑ Thread on VirtualNorwood.com Community Forum
  17. ↑ Norwood Feast

External links

Coordinates: 51°25′57″N 0°6′13″W / 51.43250°N 0.10361°W / 51.43250; -0.10361

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