St. Mary's Lighthouse
 St Mary's Lighthouse | |
  Tyne and Wear | |
| Location |
St Mary's Island Tyne and Wear England |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 55°04′18″N 1°26′58″W / 55.071656°N 1.449444°WCoordinates: 55°04′18″N 1°26′58″W / 55.071656°N 1.449444°W |
| Year first constructed | 1898 |
| Automated | 1982 |
| Deactivated | 1984 |
| Construction | brick tower |
| Tower shape | tapered cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern |
| Markings / pattern | white tower and lantern |
| Height | 46 metres (151 ft) |
| Range | 17 nmi (31 km; 20 mi) |
| Characteristic | Fl(2) W 20s. |
| ARLHS number | ENG-145 |
| Managing agent | North Tyneside Borough Council[1] |
| Heritage | Grade II listed |
St. Mary's Lighthouse is on the tiny St Mary's (or Bait) Island, just north of Whitley Bay on the coast of North East England. The small rocky tidal island is linked to the mainland by a short concrete causeway which is submerged at high tide.
History
The lighthouse and adjacent keepers' cottages were built in 1898 by the John Miller company of Tynemouth, using 645 blocks of stone and 750,000 bricks. It was built on the site of an 11th-century monastic chapel, whose monks maintained a lantern on the tower to warn passing ships of the danger of the rocks. The lamp was powered by paraffin, and was not electrified until 1977, St Mary's was by then the last Trinity House lighthouse lit by oil.[2]
Decommissioning
The lighthouse was decommissioned in 1984[3] (just two years after its conversion to automatic operation). At the time, its fine first-order fresnel lens was removed by Trinity House and put on display in their museum in Penzance. A few years later, St Mary's was opened as a visitor attraction by the local council. In place of the original, Trinity House offered a smaller optic from their decommissioned lighthouse at Withernsea, and this can still be seen at the top of the tower.[4] Following closure of the Penzance lighthouse museum, the original lens was returned to St Mary's in 2011 to be put on display.[5]
The lighthouse today
Since 2012 St Mary's lighthouse has been grade II listed.[6] While it no longer functions as a working lighthouse, it is easily accessible (when the tide is out) and regularly open to visitors; in addition to the lighthouse itself there is a small museum, a visitor's centre, and a cafe.
Another Victorian lighthouse may be found a few miles to the south of the River Tyne. Souter Lighthouse is also now decommissioned, and open to visitors. Souter Lighthouse can be seen with the naked eye from the top of St Mary's Lighthouse.[7]
See also
References
- ↑ St. Mary's The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved April 26, 2016
- ↑ Jones, Robin (2014). Lighthouses of the North East Coast. Wellington, Somerset: Halsgrove.
- ↑ http://www.northtyneside.gov.uk/browse-display.shtml?p_ID=29091&p_subjectCategory=646
- ↑ "World Lighthouse Society Fall 2004 Newsletter Volume 2 Issue 3".
- ↑ "Worldwide lighthouses website".
- ↑ Historic England. "ST MARYS LIGHTHOUSE (1038989)". PastScape. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
- ↑ Personal observation
External links
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